“An Explanation from the Editor.” Ladies’ Home Journal Jan. 1902 v19n2: p. 2. READ

SEE William McKinley (last public address)

SEE William McKinley (last will and testament)

SEE Leon Czolgosz (last words)

SEE William McKinley (last words)

SEE Frederick V. Lauer

SEE John Laughlin

SEE Michael J. Lavelle

“Anarchists and Anarchists.” Milwaukee Journal 10 Sept. 1901 v19: p. 6. READ

Harman, Lillian. “How Justice Is Administered.” Socialist Spirit Oct. 1901 v1n2: p. 29. READ

Holt, Henry. “The Treatment of Anarchism.” American Monthly Review of Reviews Feb. 1902 v25n2: pp. 192-200. READ

“Too Much Legalism.” Spokane Daily Chronicle 17 Sept. 1901 v16n12: p. 3. READ

Carter, W. S. [untitled]. American Federationist Sept. 1902 v9n9: pp. 495-97. READ

Wade, M. J. “A Jury of Our Peers.” Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Session of the Iowa State Bar Association. Iowa City: The Association, 1911: pp. 106-12. READ

[untitled]. Life 3 Oct. 1901 v38n987: p. 264. READ

“Anarchists and Anarchists.” Milwaukee Journal 10 Sept. 1901 v19: p. 6. READ

“Anarchy and Lynch Law.” Medical Dial Oct. 1901 v3n10: pp. 242-43. READ

Davies, William E. “Give Czolgosz His Own Medicine.” World 17 Sept. 1901 v42n14637: p. [8]. READ

“An Evidence of Civilization.” Watchman 12 Sept. 1901 v83n36: p. 5. READ

“Mackay’s Remedy.” Daily Picayune 17 Sept. 1901 v65n236: p. 1. READ

“On Death of M’Kinley.” Atlanta Constitution 25 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 5. READ

“Present Laws against Anarchism.” Outlook 21 Sept. 1901 v69n3: pp. 146-47. READ

“Put Down Mob Law.” Afro-American-Ledger 14 Sept. 1901 v10n6: p. [4]. READ

“Titus May Not Accept.” Daily Picayune 21 Sept. 1901 v65n240: p. 1. READ

“Too Much Legalism.” Spokane Daily Chronicle 17 Sept. 1901 v16n12: p. 3. READ

Twain, Mark. “[To Rev. J. H. Twichell, in Hartford].” Mark Twain’s Letters. Ed. Albert Bigelow Paine. Vol. 2. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1917: pp. 713-16. READ

“Tried to Lynch the Doctor.” Atlanta Constitution 16 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 1. READ

“Mob Beats Clergyman.” Journal and Herald 26 Sept. 1901 v35n36: p. [4]. READ

“Assassin Closely Guarded.” Iowa State Register 8 Sept. 1901 v46n211: p. 3. READ

“News and Views.” Black and White Budget 19 Oct. 1901 v6n106: pp. 98-101. READ

“The Mourning.” Nation 26 Sept. 1901 v73n1891: p. 238. READ

“Tarred and Feathered.” Daily Picayune 12 Sept. 1901 v65n231: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Traitor Hanged in Effigy.” Iowa State Register 17 Sept. 1901 v46n219: p. 5. READ

“Mob Violence in Chicago.” Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901: p. 2. READ

“Editor Nearly Lynched for Attacking M’Kinley.” Atlanta Constitution 15 Sept. 1901 v34: part 1, p. 3. READ

“The Church Universal and the Attempted Assassination.” Congregationalist and Christian World 14 Sept. 1901 v86n37: p. 396. READ

[untitled]. Life 3 Oct. 1901 v38n987: p. 264. READ

“Farmer Tarred and Feathered.” Valentine Democrat 26 Sept. 1901 v16n36: p. [2]. READ

“News Caused Riot at Indianapolis.” Buffalo Review 7 Sept. 1901 v19n79: p. 7. READ

“Mob Seeks Man Who Wants to Name His Baby Czolgosz.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Oct. 1901 v60n301: part 1, p. 1. READ

“Gloated over the Tragedy.” Daily Picayune 22 Sept. 1901 v65n241: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Tied to Tree and Whipped.” Atlanta Constitution 16 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 1. READ

“Made Him ‘Shut Up.’” Norfolk Landmark 10 Sept. 1901 v53n12: p. 1. READ

“Forced by Mob to Disown Joy.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 15 Sept. 1901 v60n258: part 1, p. 3. READ

“An Anarchist in Trouble.” News and Courier 1 Oct. 1901: p. 2. READ

“Anarchist Feels Rope.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 4 Oct. 1901 v63n100: p. 1. READ

SEE anarchism (laws against)

SEE assassination (laws against)

Goldman, Emma. “The Psychology of Political Violence.” Anarchism and Other Essays. New York: Mother Earth, 1910: pp. 85-114. READ

SEE Benjamin Lee

SEE Edward W. Lee

SEE William McKinley (legacy)

SEE Leon Czolgosz (legal defense)

SEE anarchism (legal penalties)

SEE Albert Lemanski

“Editorial.” Messenger of the Sacred Heart of Jesus Oct. 1901 v36n10: pp. 939-41. READ

“The Church Universal and the Attempted Assassination.” Congregationalist and Christian World 14 Sept. 1901 v86n37: p. 396. READ

Doyle, A. P. “The Undoing of William McKinley, President.” Catholic World Oct. 1901 v74n439: pp. 1-7. READ

“The Nations and the Anarchist.” Literary Digest 12 Oct. 1901 v23n15: pp. 443-44. READ

“Queen Margherita Affected.” Madison County Times 13 Sept. 1901 v32n7: p. [3]. READ

“The World’s Sympathy.” Outlook 14 Sept. 1901 v69n2: p. 97. READ

SEE ALSO Czolgosz family

[untitled]. Free Thought Magazine Nov. 1901 v19n11: p. 679. READ

[untitled]. Whim Feb. 1902 v3n1: pp. 7-8. READ

“Akron Man.” Akron Daily Democrat 1 Nov. 1901 v10n167: p. 5. READ

“Anarchy and Laws.” Puck 16 Oct. 1901 v50n1285: [no pagination]. READ

Andrews, E. Benjamin. “Mr. McKinley’s End” [chapter 19]. History of the United States. Vol. 5. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1903: pp. 359-81. READ

“The Assailant.” Outlook 14 Sept. 1901 v69n2: pp. 96-97. READ

“The Assassin.” Independent 12 Sept. 1901 v53n2754: pp. 2140-41. READ

“Assassin Czolgosz Says He Loved President McKinley.” St. Louis Republic 12 Sept. 1901 v94n75: p. 4. READ

“Assassin Has No Moral Sense.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Oct. 1901 v54n46: part 2, p. 1. READ

“The Assassin’s Deed.” Independent 12 Sept. 1901 v53n2754: pp. 2186-87. READ

Baginski, Max. “Leon Czolgosz.” Mother Earth Oct. 1906 v1n8: pp. 4-9. READ

Banks, Charles Eugene, and Le Roy Armstrong. “Assassination of President Mc Kinley” [chapter 18]. Theodore Roosevelt, Twenty-Sixth President of the United States. Chicago: S. Stone, 1901: pp. 354-68. READ

Bannister, H. M. “America.” Journal of Mental Science Jan. 1902 v48n164 (new series): pp. 124-26. READ

“Born in Michigan, City of Alpena.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

“The Character of Czolgosz.” World’s Work Nov. 1901 v3n1: p. 1366. READ

“Citizenisms.” Cleveland Citizen 5 Oct. 1901 v11n37: p. 1. READ

Currier, Albert H. “The Problem of Crime.” The Present Day Problem of Crime. Boston: Gorham Press, 1912: pp. 11-34. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Timely Topics 20 Sept. 1901 v6n3: p. 41. READ

Czolgosz, Leon. [untitled]. Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 62-64. READ

“Czolgosz, Leon.” The Encyclopedia Americana. Vol. 8. New York: Encyclopedia Americana, 1920: p. 384. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Czolgosz Was Not of the Paterson Group.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

“Czolgosz’s Boyhood.” Daily Picayune 11 Sept. 1901 v65n230: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s Confederate.” Daily Picayune 8 Sept. 1901 v65n227: part 1, p. 8. READ

“Czolgosz’s Early Career.” Daily Picayune 11 Sept. 1901 v65n230: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s Early Career.” Iowa State Register 8 Sept. 1901 v46n211: p. 1. READ

de Cleyre, Voltairine. “McKinley’s Assassination from the Anarchist Standpoint.” Mother Earth Oct. 1907 v2n8: pp. 303-06. READ

Drahms, August. “Leon F. Czolgosz: A Descriptive Analysis on the Basis of the Bertillon System of Identification.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 53-57. READ

Edson, Willis S. “A Life Enigma in Death’s Shadow.” Crittenden Press 5 Dec. 1901 v23n26: p. [3]. READ

“Exonerates Secret Service.” Omaha Sunday Bee 8 Sept. 1901: part 1, p. 2. READ

“The Fate of Czolgosz as Viewed Abroad.” Literary Digest 2 Nov. 1901 v23n18: p. 541. READ

Goldman, Emma. “October Twenty-Ninth, 1901.” Mother Earth Oct. 1911 v6n8: pp. 232-35. READ

Goldman, Emma. “The Psychology of Political Violence.” Anarchism and Other Essays. New York: Mother Earth, 1910: pp. 85-114. READ

“Hail to the Majesty of the Law.” Bar Oct. 1901 v8n10: pp. 326-27. READ

Havel, Hippolyte. “A Reminiscence.” Mother Earth Oct. 1908 v3n8: pp. 320-24. READ

Hawthorne, Julian, James Schouler, and E. Benjamin Andrews. “McKinley’s End and the Rise of Roosevelt” [chapter 30]. United States: From the Discovery of the North American Continent up to the Present Time. Vol. 9. New York: Co-Operative Publication Society, 1904: pp. 289-310. READ

Hodge, O. J. “Czolgosz, the Assassin.” Reminiscences. Vol. 2. Cleveland: Brooks, 1910: pp. 128-30. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Medical Aspects of the Czolgosz Case.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 40-52. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “The President’s Assassin.” Alienist and Neurologist Oct. 1901 v22n4: pp. 721-22. READ

“Interior Agency.” Seventy-Eighth Annual Report of the American Tract Society. New York: American Tract Society, [1903]: pp. 90-106. READ

Kelley, William Valentine. “Oscar Wilde: The Consummate Flower of Æstheticism.” Down the Road and Other Essays of Nature, Life, Literature, and Religion. New York: Eaton and Mains, 1911: pp. 105-34. READ

Lane, Michael A. “New Dawns of Knowledge.” National Magazine July 1904 v20n4: pp. 416-22. READ

“Leon Czolgosz, Alias Nieman.” News and Courier 7 Sept. 1901: p. 2. READ

MacDonald, Arthur. “Assassins of Rulers.” Journal of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology Nov. 1911 v2n4: pp. 505-20. READ

“The Man Who Shot President M’Kinley.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 9 Sept. 1901 v54n19: p. 1. READ

Mencken, H. L. “The Old Subject” [chapter 12]. A Book of Burlesques. New rev. ed. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1920: pp. 213-19. READ

“News of the Week.” Public Opinion 12 Sept. 1901 v31n11: p. 349. READ

“Observations and Comments.” Mother Earth Oct. 1911 v6n8: pp. 226-32. READ

“Observations and Comments.” Mother Earth Oct. 1913 v8n8: pp. 227-32. READ

“Observations and Comments.” Mother Earth Oct. 1916 v11n8: pp. 627-29. READ

“Our Excerpt.” Sunday Morning Globe 15 Sept. 1901 v1n20: p. 5. READ

“The Parents of Czolgosz.” Timely Topics 13 Sept. 1901 v6n2: pp. 21-22. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

“Pen Portrait of the Assassin.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

“President M’Kinley Shot.” Chicago Daily News 6 Sept. 1901 v26n214: part 1, p. 1. READ

“The President Shot.” Madison County Times 13 Sept. 1901 v32n7: p. [3]. READ

“Psychology of the Czolgosz Crime.” Public 26 Oct. 1901 v4n186: pp. 455-57. READ

“Secular News.” Christian Observer 11 Sept. 1901 v89n37: pp. 23-24. READ

Talbot, Eugene S. “Degeneracy and Political Assassination.” Developmental Pathology. Chicago: [n.p.], 1905: pp. 1-24. READ

Waite, R. A. “Making Men.” St. Andrew’s Cross Nov.-Dec. 1913 v28n2: pp. 66-69. READ

Webber, A. Bernard. “The Influence of a Bible School.” Stories and Poems for Public Addresses. New York: George H. Doran, 1922: pp. 29-30. READ

“The Week.” Ohio Farmer 12 Sept. 1901 v100n11: p. 187. READ

“The Week.” Public Opinion 12 Sept. 1901 v31n11: p. 323. READ

“The Week.” Public Opinion 7 Nov. 1901 v31n19: p. 581. [excerpt 2 of 2] READ

“William McKinley.” Ohinemuri Gazette 16 Sept. 1901 v10n854: p. [2]. READ

“The Would-Be Assassin.” Iowa State Register 7 Sept. 1901 v46n210: p. 1. READ

Czolgosz, Leon. [untitled]. Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 62-64. READ

“Quarreled with Czolgosz.” Wichita Daily Eagle 12 Sept. 1901 v35n100: p. 1. READ

“The Would-Be Assassin.” Iowa State Register 7 Sept. 1901 v46n210: p. 1. READ

“Was in Canton.” Stark County Democrat 10 Sept. 1901 v67n133: p. 1. READ

Addams, Jane. “Echoes of the Russian Revolution” [chapter 17]. Twenty Years at Hull-House. New York: Macmillan, 1911: pp. 400-26. READ

Czolgosz, Leon. [untitled]. Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 62-64. READ

“‘I Will Kill Any Ruler You Select’ Said Czolgosz.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

“News.” Public 14 Sept. 1901 v4n180: pp. 360-62. READ

“Arch Hall, Cleveland, O., Where Czolgosz Listened to Teachings That Inflamed Him.” Atlanta Constitution 12 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

“Assassin Has No Moral Sense.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Oct. 1901 v54n46: part 2, p. 1. READ

“The Assassin Is Recognized in Cleveland.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 7 Sept. 1901 v54n17: p. 4. READ

“Citizenisms.” Cleveland Citizen 5 Oct. 1901 v11n37: p. 1. READ

Czolgosz, Leon. [untitled]. Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 62-64. READ

“The Would-Be Assassin.” Iowa State Register 7 Sept. 1901 v46n210: p. 1. READ

“Arrested Before.” Daily Picayune 17 Sept. 1901 v65n236: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Sought Notoriety.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 14 Sept. 1901 v63n83: p. 8. READ

“With His Yells Prison Echoed.” Atlanta Constitution 28 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

“A Clew at Memphis.” Daily Picayune 8 Sept. 1901 v65n227: part 1, p. 9. READ

“Czolgosz Tracked M’Kinley.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 17 Sept. 1901 v63n85: p. 3. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (family background)

“The Conviction of Czolgosz.” Collier’s Weekly 5 Oct. 1901 v28n1: p. 20. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Journal and Herald 19 Sept. 1901 v35n35: p. [4]. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Lancaster Times 19 Sept. 1901 v22n16: p. [3]. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Timely Topics 20 Sept. 1901 v6n3: p. 41. READ

“Czolgosz May Be Tried Next Week.” Buffalo Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901 v28n45: p. [?]. READ

“For the Trial of Czolgosz.” Iowa State Register 15 Sept. 1901 v46n218: p. 3. READ

McClure, Alexander K., and Charles Morris. “Czolgosz Pays the Penalty” [chapter 29]. The Authentic Life of William McKinley. Memorial ed. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 448-53. READ

“News of the Week.” Public Opinion 26 Sept. 1901 v31n13: p. 411. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

“The People of the State of New York against Leon F. Czolgosz.” Unpublished trial transcript. 23-24, 26 Sept. 1901. READ

“Quick Work of Law.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 15 Sept. 1901 v63n84: p. 2. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Buffalo, NY)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Auburn, NY)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (removal to Auburn State Prison)

“Broke Down Completely.” Iowa State Register 28 Sept. 1901 v46n229: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz in Death Cell.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Sept. 1901 v60n271: part 1, p. 2. READ

“With His Yells Prison Echoed.” Atlanta Constitution 28 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

“Arch Hall, Cleveland, O., Where Czolgosz Listened to Teachings That Inflamed Him.” Atlanta Constitution 12 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

“Assassin Czolgosz Says He Loved President McKinley.” St. Louis Republic 12 Sept. 1901 v94n75: p. 4. READ

“Assassin Has No Moral Sense.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Oct. 1901 v54n46: part 2, p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Sought Notoriety.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 14 Sept. 1901 v63n83: p. 8. READ

“‘I Am an Anarchist.’” Cleveland Press 7 Sept. 1901 n7243: p. [2]. READ

Lydston, G. Frank. “Anarchy in Its Relations to Crime” [chapter 6]. The Diseases of Society. 4th ed. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1906: pp. 229-302. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

“News.” Public 14 Sept. 1901 v4n180: pp. 360-62. READ

“Citizenisms.” Cleveland Citizen 5 Oct. 1901 v11n37: p. 1. READ

“‘I Am an Anarchist.’” Cleveland Press 7 Sept. 1901 n7243: p. [2]. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (legal defense)

“Czolgosz Executed in Auburn Prison.” Afro-American-Ledger 2 Nov. 1901 v10n13: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz’s Bones to Be in Museum.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 13 Oct. 1901 v60n286: part 7, p. 51. READ

“Czolgosz’s Brain Normal.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 2. READ

“Echoes and News.” Medical News 2 Nov. 1901 v79n18: pp. 704-07. READ

Halstead, Murat. “The Author’s Letter: From the Scene of Execution and the Autopsy of the Assassin.” The Illustrious Life of William McKinley, Our Martyred President. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 465-72. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Medical Aspects of the Czolgosz Case.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 40-52. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Execution of Czolgosz.” Medical News 9 Nov. 1901 v79n19: pp. 752-53. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (disposal of remains)

SEE McKinley assassination (conspiracy theories)

“Ask Leniency for Czolgosz.” Chicago Daily Tribune 3 Oct. 1901 v60n276: part 2, p. 9. READ

“The Fate of Czolgosz.” News and Courier 3 Oct. 1901: p. 1. READ

“What Moved Czolgosz.” New-York Tribune 9 Sept. 1901 v61n20021: p. 1. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (interrogation)

SEE ALSO McKinley assassination (Czolgosz account)

“The Assassin Makes a Full Confession.” New York Times 8 Sept. 1901 v50n16121: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Confession of the Assassin; His Almost Toy Pistol.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, p. 4. READ

Czolgosz, Leon. [untitled]. Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 62-64. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Czolgosz’s Confederate.” Daily Picayune 8 Sept. 1901 v65n227: part 1, p. 8. READ

“‘Czolgosz’s Confessions’ Manufactured.” Buffalo Evening News 9 Sept. 1901 v42n128: p. [7?]. READ

“Investigation Activities of the Department of Justice.” Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919. READ

“Leon Czolgosz, Alias Nieman.” News and Courier 7 Sept. 1901: p. 2. READ

“Leon F. Czolgosz, Cowardly Assassin, Makes Statement.” Buffalo Evening News 7 Sept. 1901 v42n127: p. 9. READ

McClure, Alexander K., and Charles Morris. “The Assassin and the Anarchists” [chapter 28]. The Authentic Life of William McKinley. Memorial ed. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 438-47. READ

“Statement by Assassin.” Iowa State Register 8 Sept. 1901 v46n211: pp. 1, 3. READ

“Burns Out Buffalo Police.” New York Times 2 Nov. 1907 v57n18179: p. 1. READ

SEE ALSO Emma Goldman (impact on Czolgosz)

Baginski, Max. “Leon Czolgosz.” Mother Earth Oct. 1906 v1n8: pp. 4-9. READ

“Code of Instructions to Czolgosz.” Iowa State Register 12 Sept. 1901 v46n215: p. 1. READ

“Connected with Chicago Anarchists.” Iowa State Register 7 Sept. 1901 v46n210: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Ex-Chief Drummond on Anarchy.” Dickerman’s United States Treasury Counterfeit Detector Nov. 1901 v18n11: pp. 8-9. READ

“‘I Will Kill Any Ruler You Select’ Said Czolgosz.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

“Investigation Activities of the Department of Justice.” Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919. READ

“News.” Public 14 Sept. 1901 v4n180: pp. 360-62. READ

“Plot to Murder the President.” Tyler Journal 26 Apr. 1907 v25n48: p. 6. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (connection with anarchists)

SEE Leon Czolgosz (execution)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: poetry)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (poetry)

Allstorm, Oliver. “Leon F. Czolgosz.” Chords from a Strange Lyre. Chicago: Sims, Wilson and Sims, 1902: pp. 121-24. READ

“Czolgosz’s Death Warrant.” Buffalo Review 27 Sept. 1901 v19n96: p. 6. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (legal defense)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (funeral arrangements)

[untitled]. Star 5 Oct. 1901 n7221: p. 4. READ

“Ask Leniency for Czolgosz.” Chicago Daily Tribune 3 Oct. 1901 v60n276: part 2, p. 9. READ

“Assassin’s Body Destroyed.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Executed in Auburn Prison.” Afro-American-Ledger 2 Nov. 1901 v10n13: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz, President’s Assassin,—Refusing Spiritual Consolation—Executed in the Auburn Prison.” National Police Gazette 16 Nov. 1901 v79n1265: p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz’s Bones to Be in Museum.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 13 Oct. 1901 v60n286: part 7, p. 51. READ

“The Fate of Czolgosz.” News and Courier 3 Oct. 1901: p. 1. READ

Quip. “Czolgosz.” New Zealand Tablet 17 Oct. 1901 v29n42: p. 18. READ

“Would Bury Czolgosz in the Deep Sea.” Buffalo Evening News 3 Oct. 1901 v42n147: p. 9. READ

SEE Czolgosz physicians

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (illustrations)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (photographs)

Richards, F. T. “‘Was It a Handkerchief?’” Life 3 Oct. 1901 v38n987: p. 266. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (family background)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (autopsy)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (disposal of remains)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Auburn, NY)

“Czolgosz Executed in Auburn Prison.” Afro-American-Ledger 2 Nov. 1901 v10n13: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz Pays the Final Penalty.” Lancaster Times 31 Oct. 1901 v22n22: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz, President’s Assassin,—Refusing Spiritual Consolation—Executed in the Auburn Prison.” National Police Gazette 16 Nov. 1901 v79n1265: p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz to Die at 7 Tomorrow.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Oct. 1901 v60n301: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Electrician Describes Execution.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 1. READ

“The Execution of an Assassin.” Outlook 9 Nov. 1901 v69n10: pp. 613-14. READ

“Execution of Czolgosz.” New York Observer 31 Oct. 1901 v79n44: p. 572. READ

Halstead, Murat. “The Author’s Letter: From the Scene of Execution and the Autopsy of the Assassin.” The Illustrious Life of William McKinley, Our Martyred President. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 465-72. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Medical Aspects of the Czolgosz Case.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 40-52. READ

“An Impressive Scene.” Madison County Times 1 Nov. 1901 v32n14: p. [3]. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Execution of Czolgosz.” Medical News 9 Nov. 1901 v79n19: pp. 752-53. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

Skinner, Charles R. “Story of McKinley’s Assassination.” State Service Apr. 1919 v3n4: pp. 20-24. READ

Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred. “King Humbert—Bresci—President McKinley—Czolgosz (1898-1901)” [chapter 10]. The Anarchists: Their Faith and Their Record. London: Lane, 1911: pp. 240-59. READ

“The Week.” Public Opinion 7 Nov. 1901 v31n19: p. 581. [excerpt 2 of 2] READ

Skinner, Charles R. “Story of McKinley’s Assassination.” State Service Apr. 1919 v3n4: pp. 20-24. READ

“The Last Guest.” Socialist Spirit Nov. 1901 v1n3: pp. 13-14. READ

Dye, Charity. “Ethics in the High School.” School Review Apr. 1902 v10n4: pp. 270-85. READ

Shaw, Bernard. “Maxims for Revolutionists.” Man and Superman: A Comedy and a Philosophy. New York: Brentano’s, 1922: pp. 227-44. READ

Skinner, Charles R. “Story of McKinley’s Assassination.” State Service Apr. 1919 v3n4: pp. 20-24. READ

[untitled]. Chicago Daily Tribune 30 Oct. 1901 v60n302: part 2, p. 12. READ

[untitled]. Collier’s Weekly 9 Nov. 1901 v28n6: p. 3. READ

[untitled]. Western New-Yorker 31 Oct. 1901 v61n44: p. [4]. READ

“As Czolgosz Died.” Buffalo Evening News 29 Oct. 1901 v43n16: p. 2. READ

“The Czolgosz Family.” Burlington Free Press 31 Oct. 1901 v76n18: p. 2. READ

“The End of Czolgosz.” Iowa State Register 30 Oct. 1901 v46n255: p. 4. READ

Goldman, Emma. “October Twenty-Ninth, 1901.” Mother Earth Oct. 1911 v6n8: pp. 232-35. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Medical Aspects of the Czolgosz Case.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 40-52. READ

“In General and Particular.” Iowa State Register 1 Nov. 1901 v46n256: p. 4. READ

“The Miserable Assassin.” Chicago Daily Tribune 30 Oct. 1901 v60n302: part 2, p. 12. READ

“Parent Hears the News.” Afro-American-Ledger 2 Nov. 1901 v10n13: p. [2]. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (death: poetry)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (poetry)

Allstorm, Oliver. “Leon F. Czolgosz.” Chords from a Strange Lyre. Chicago: Sims, Wilson and Sims, 1902: pp. 121-24. READ

Hair, Dell. “Retribution.” Echoes from the Beat. Vol. 3. Toledo: Newell B. Newton, 1908: p. 128. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: reenactments)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (popular culture)

[untitled]. Poverty Bay Herald 24 Dec. 1901 v28n9334: p. 1. READ

“Electrocution of Czolgosz.” Deseret Evening News 30 Apr. 1902 v52n139: p. 8. READ

“Some of the Attractions for Our Street Fair.” New Enterprise 7 Nov. 1901 v1n10: p. 1. READ

[untitled]. Buffalo Courier 2 Oct. 1901 v66n275: p. 4. READ

S., Mrs. “A Woman Sentences Czolgosz.” World 18 Sept. 1901 v42n14638: p. 6. READ

“Czolgosz Sits in Sullen Silence.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 28 Oct. 1901 v54n68: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz to Die at 7 Tomorrow.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Oct. 1901 v60n301: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Execution of Czolgosz.” New York Times 25 Oct. 1901 v51n16162: p. 3. READ

“Ask Leniency for Czolgosz.” Chicago Daily Tribune 3 Oct. 1901 v60n276: part 2, p. 9. READ

“Executioner Is Missing.” Pittsburg Press 21 Apr. 1902 v19n110: p. 2. READ

“The Fate of Czolgosz.” News and Courier 3 Oct. 1901: p. 1. READ

“The Man Who Executed Czolgosz.” Mt. Sterling Advocate 29 Apr. 1902 v12n41: p. [2]. READ

“Says Anarchists Intend to Kill 100 Women for Revenge.” Chicago Daily Tribune 19 Oct. 1901 v60n292: part 1, p. 2. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: popular culture)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (popular culture)

[advertisement]. New York Times 3 Nov. 1901 v51n16169: p. 17. READ

[untitled]. National Police Gazette 7 Dec. 1901 v79n1268: p. 2. READ

Dye, Charity. “Ethics in the High School.” School Review Apr. 1902 v10n4: pp. 270-85. READ

“Electrocution of Czolgosz.” Deseret Evening News 30 Apr. 1902 v52n139: p. 8. READ

“Some of the Attractions for Our Street Fair.” New Enterprise 7 Nov. 1901 v1n10: p. 1. READ

“Executioner Is Missing.” Pittsburg Press 21 Apr. 1902 v19n110: p. 2. READ

“The Man Who Executed Czolgosz.” Mt. Sterling Advocate 29 Apr. 1902 v12n41: p. [2]. READ

“Says Anarchists Intend to Kill 100 Women for Revenge.” Chicago Daily Tribune 19 Oct. 1901 v60n292: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Applications to Witness the Execution.” Daily Picayune 21 Sept. 1901 v65n240: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Awaits Execution.” Afro-American-Ledger 19 Oct. 1901 v10n11: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz Sees a Priest, but He Refuses to Repent.” Chicago Daily Tribune 23 Oct. 1901 v60n296: part 2, p. 9. READ

“Many Flowers for Czolgosz.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 15 Oct. 1901 v54n55: p. 1. READ

Skinner, Charles R. “Story of McKinley’s Assassination.” State Service Apr. 1919 v3n4: pp. 20-24. READ

“Will Not See Czolgosz Die.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 20 Oct. 1901 v60n293: part 1, p. 2. READ

SEE ALSO Czolgosz family

“Czolgosz Family Hails from Posen.” Buffalo Evening News 13 Sept. 1901 v42n132: p. [?]. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Czolgosz’s Antecedents.” Iowa State Register 13 Sept. 1901 v46n216: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz’s Early Career.” Daily Picayune 11 Sept. 1901 v65n230: part 1, p. 2. READ

“He Is a Pole, and the Law-Abiding Poles Deplore It.” Daily Picayune 13 Sept. 1901 v65n232: part 1, p. 7. READ

“Nationality of Czolgosz Again.” Literary Digest 19 Oct. 1901 v23n16: pp. 459-60. READ

“The Nations and the Anarchist.” Literary Digest 12 Oct. 1901 v23n15: pp. 443-44. READ

“Parents Are Russian Poles.” Daily Picayune 12 Sept. 1901 v65n231: part 1, p. 2. READ

“The Province of Posen Was the Home of the Family of Czolgosz.” Daily Picayune 13 Sept. 1901 v65n232: part 1, p. 7. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (last words)

“Akron Man.” Akron Daily Democrat 1 Nov. 1901 v10n167: p. 5. READ

“The Assassin Is Recognized in Cleveland.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 7 Sept. 1901 v54n17: p. 4. READ

“The Assassin Makes a Full Confession.” New York Times 8 Sept. 1901 v50n16121: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Born in Michigan, City of Alpena.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

“Citizenisms.” Cleveland Citizen 5 Oct. 1901 v11n37: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Czolgosz’s Boyhood.” Daily Picayune 11 Sept. 1901 v65n230: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s Early Career.” Daily Picayune 11 Sept. 1901 v65n230: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Edmund Wolczyski Gives Himself Up.” San Francisco Call 12 Sept. 1901 v90n104: p. 2. READ

“‘I Am an Anarchist.’” Cleveland Press 7 Sept. 1901 n7243: p. [2]. READ

Waite, R. A. “Making Men.” St. Andrew’s Cross Nov.-Dec. 1913 v28n2: pp. 66-69. READ

Webber, A. Bernard. “The Influence of a Bible School.” Stories and Poems for Public Addresses. New York: George H. Doran, 1922: pp. 29-30. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (disposal of remains)

“Czolgosz’s Father Mourns.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 27 Oct. 1901 v54n67: part 2, p. 2. READ

“Disposal of Czolgosz’s Body.” New York Times 27 Oct. 1901 v51n16163: part 1, p. 5. READ

“Plans a Shaft for Czolgosz.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 27 Oct. 1901 v60n300: part 1, p. 1. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (indictment)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial)

“Assassin Czolgosz Kept in Ignorance.” Atlanta Constitution 16 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 1. READ

“The Case against Czolgosz.” New York Times 11 Sept. 1901 v50n16124: p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Case Now before the Grand Jury.” Buffalo Evening News 16 Sept. 1901 v42n134: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Grand Jury Complimented.” Buffalo Courier 2 Oct. 1901 v66n275: p. 8. READ

“Czolgosz May Be Tried Next Week.” Buffalo Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901 v28n45: p. [?]. READ

“Roosevelt Leaves with Confidence.” San Francisco Call 11 Sept. 1901 v90n103: p. 9. READ

“Czolgosz May Be Tried Next Week.” Buffalo Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901 v28n45: p. [?]. READ

SEE McKinley assassination (murder weapon)

SEE Czolgosz residence

“Burned in Effigy.” Cleveland Leader 15 Sept. 1901 v54n258: p. 15. READ

“Czolgosz Hanged in Effigy.” New York Times 30 Oct. 1901 v51n16166: p. 5. READ

“Hanged in Effigy.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 17 Sept. 1901 v63n85: p. 2. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (editorial cartoons)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (photographs)

[illustration]. World 7 Sept. 1901 v42n14627: p. 3. READ

Armes, Ethel. “Haydon Jones, Newspaper Artist.” National Magazine May 1906 v24n2: pp. 144-54. READ

“Czolgosz in His Prison Cell.” Deseret Evening News 28 Sept. 1901 v52n267: part 3, p. 17. READ

“Czolgosz, the Anarchist.” World 8 Sept. 1901 v42n14628: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz, the Assassin.” Columbian 12 Sept. 1901 v36n37: p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s Characteristic Smile.” Deseret Evening News 28 Sept. 1901 v52n267: part 3, p. 17. READ

“Leon Czolgosz, Assassin.” Bourbon News 13 Sept. 1901 v21n65: p. [2]. READ

“Profile View of the Assassin.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 14 Sept. 1901 v63n83: p. 8. READ

“Three Presidents Who Have Fallen Victims to Assassins’ Bullets.” The Illustrious Life of William McKinley, Our Martyred President. By Murat Halstead. Prospectus. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: [unnumbered plate]. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Auburn, NY)

SEE Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Buffalo, NY)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (arrival at Auburn State Prison)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (removal to Auburn State Prison)

“Assassin Has No Moral Sense.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Oct. 1901 v54n46: part 2, p. 1. READ

“Broke Down Completely.” Iowa State Register 28 Sept. 1901 v46n229: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Awaits Execution.” Afro-American-Ledger 19 Oct. 1901 v10n11: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz Executed in Auburn Prison.” Afro-American-Ledger 2 Nov. 1901 v10n13: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz in Death Cell.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Sept. 1901 v60n271: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Is Feeling Well.” Buffalo Courier 15 Oct. 1901 v66n288: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz, President’s Assassin,—Refusing Spiritual Consolation—Executed in the Auburn Prison.” National Police Gazette 16 Nov. 1901 v79n1265: p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz Recovers His Nerve.” Chicago Daily Tribune 1 Oct. 1901 v60n274: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Sits in Sullen Silence.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 28 Oct. 1901 v54n68: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz to Die at 7 Tomorrow.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Oct. 1901 v60n301: part 1, p. 2. READ

“First Day of His Last Week.” News and Courier 1 Oct. 1901: p. 2. READ

“In General and Particular.” Iowa State Register 8 Oct. 1901 v46n237: p. 4. READ

“In the Shadow of Death, to Superintendent Collins, the Assassin Talked.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 2. READ

Skinner, Charles R. “Story of McKinley’s Assassination.” State Service Apr. 1919 v3n4: pp. 20-24. READ

“With His Yells Prison Echoed.” Atlanta Constitution 28 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz Awaits Execution.” Afro-American-Ledger 19 Oct. 1901 v10n11: p. [2]. READ

“Many Flowers for Czolgosz.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 15 Oct. 1901 v54n55: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Sees a Priest, but He Refuses to Repent.” Chicago Daily Tribune 23 Oct. 1901 v60n296: part 2, p. 9. READ

“Czolgosz Taken into the Church.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 26 Oct. 1901 v54n66: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz to Die at 7 Tomorrow.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Oct. 1901 v60n301: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Plans a Shaft for Czolgosz.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 27 Oct. 1901 v60n300: part 1, p. 1. READ

Armes, Ethel. “Haydon Jones, Newspaper Artist.” National Magazine May 1906 v24n2: pp. 144-54. READ

“Assassin Closely Guarded.” Iowa State Register 8 Sept. 1901 v46n211: p. 3. READ

“Assassin Czolgosz Says He Loved President McKinley.” St. Louis Republic 12 Sept. 1901 v94n75: p. 4. READ

“The Assassin Makes a Full Confession.” New York Times 8 Sept. 1901 v50n16121: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Assassin Still Confined in the Police Dungeon.” Buffalo Evening News 14 Sept. 1901 v42n133: p. [?]. READ

Bull, William S. “Police Superintendent’s Report.” Annual Report of the Board of Police of the City of Buffalo. Buffalo: Wenborne-Sumner, 1902: pp. 7-48. READ

[Czolgosz Bertillon Card]. Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society Archives, A90-4. 1901. READ

“Czolgosz Is Being Fed Well by Police.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz Is Rapidly Breaking Down and Appears to Be a Physical and Mental Wreck—Refuses to Talk.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz Is Sane, and He Shows No Signs of Breaking Down.” Daily Picayune 13 Sept. 1901 v65n232: part 1, p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Czolgosz to Be Protected.” Brooklyn Daily Eagle 13 Sept. 1901 v61n254: p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s Confederate.” Daily Picayune 8 Sept. 1901 v65n227: part 1, p. 8. READ

“For the Trial of Czolgosz.” Iowa State Register 15 Sept. 1901 v46n218: p. 3. READ

“Sticks to His First Story.” Iowa State Register 10 Sept. 1901 v46n213: p. 1. READ

“Where the Pistol Was Bought.” News and Courier 9 Sept. 1901: p. 1. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Buffalo, NY: photographs)

“Guarding the Prisoner at the Buffalo Police Headquarters.” World 8 Sept. 1901 v42n14628: p. 4. READ

“Suggestions on Fate of Czolgosz.” Buffalo Enquirer 9 Sept. 1901 v58n36: p. 12. READ

Z., T. “No Luxuries for Czolgosz.” Buffalo Evening Times 9 Sept. 1901 v35n155: p. 2. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Buffalo, NY: illustrations)

“A Wild Beast Caged—the Murderer of President McKinley in Prison—He Shows Traces of Rough Usage.” Black and White Budget 28 Sept. 1901 v6n103: p. 1. READ

“Attempt to Poison Czolgosz.” Buffalo Enquirer 10 Sept. 1901 v58n37: p. 6. READ

“News and Views.” Black and White Budget 19 Oct. 1901 v6n106: pp. 98-101. READ

“Queer Mail for Police.” Buffalo Morning Express 13 Sept. 1901 v56n208: p. 2. READ

“Suggestions on Fate of Czolgosz.” Buffalo Enquirer 9 Sept. 1901 v58n36: p. 12. READ

Bull, William S. “Police Superintendent’s Report.” Annual Report of the Board of Police of the City of Buffalo. Buffalo: Wenborne-Sumner, 1902: pp. 7-48. READ

“Whereabouts of Czolgocz” [sic]. Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901: p. 5. READ

“Assassin Czolgosz Says He Loved President McKinley.” St. Louis Republic 12 Sept. 1901 v94n75: p. 4. READ

“Czolgosz Is Rapidly Breaking Down and Appears to Be a Physical and Mental Wreck—Refuses to Talk.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 3. READ

“Kiss Assassin for Last Time.” Atlanta Constitution 26 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 2. READ

“To Buffalo under Watchful Eyes.” Cleveland Plain Dealer 24 Sept. 1901 v60n267: pp. 1, 3. READ

“Czolgosz in His Prison Cell.” Deseret Evening News 28 Sept. 1901 v52n267: part 3, p. 17. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (grand jury)

“Assassin Czolgosz Kept in Ignorance.” Atlanta Constitution 16 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Journal and Herald 19 Sept. 1901 v35n35: p. [4]. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Lancaster Times 19 Sept. 1901 v22n16: p. [3]. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Timely Topics 20 Sept. 1901 v6n3: p. 41. READ

“For the Trial of Czolgosz.” Iowa State Register 15 Sept. 1901 v46n218: p. 3. READ

McClure, Alexander K., and Charles Morris. “Czolgosz Pays the Penalty” [chapter 29]. The Authentic Life of William McKinley. Memorial ed. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 448-53. READ

“Quick Work of Law.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 15 Sept. 1901 v63n84: p. 2. READ

“Summary of Events.” Friend 28 Sept. 1901 v75n11: p. 88. READ

“Text of the Indictment against Leon Czolgosz.” Buffalo Review 17 Sept. 1901 v19n87: p. 6. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (mental health)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (confession)

“Alderman Okershauser Would Chloroform Czolgosz to Get His Confession.” Milwaukee Journal 17 Sept. 1901 v19: p. 1. READ

“The Assassin Makes a Full Confession.” New York Times 8 Sept. 1901 v50n16121: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Assassin’s Father to Aid.” Afro-American-Ledger 21 Sept. 1901 v10n7: p. [7]. READ

“Czolgosz Insists That He Alone Is Responsible.” Buffalo Evening News 9 Sept. 1901 v42n128: p. [7?]. READ

“Czolgosz, President’s Assassin,—Refusing Spiritual Consolation—Executed in the Auburn Prison.” National Police Gazette 16 Nov. 1901 v79n1265: p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz Will Not Talk.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 20 Sept. 1901 v63n88: p. 2. READ

“In the Shadow of Death, to Superintendent Collins, the Assassin Talked.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 2. READ

“Sticks to His First Story.” Iowa State Register 10 Sept. 1901 v46n213: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Executed in Auburn Prison.” Afro-American-Ledger 2 Nov. 1901 v10n13: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz, President’s Assassin,—Refusing Spiritual Consolation—Executed in the Auburn Prison.” National Police Gazette 16 Nov. 1901 v79n1265: p. 7. READ

“The End of Czolgosz.” Iowa State Register 30 Oct. 1901 v46n255: p. 4. READ

“The Execution of an Assassin.” Outlook 9 Nov. 1901 v69n10: pp. 613-14. READ

Halstead, Murat. “The Author’s Letter: From the Scene of Execution and the Autopsy of the Assassin.” The Illustrious Life of William McKinley, Our Martyred President. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 465-72. READ

“An Impressive Scene.” Madison County Times 1 Nov. 1901 v32n14: p. [3]. READ

MacDonald, Arthur. “Assassins of Rulers.” Journal of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology Nov. 1911 v2n4: pp. 505-20. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Execution of Czolgosz.” Medical News 9 Nov. 1901 v79n19: pp. 752-53. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

Marvin, Frederic Rowland. “Appendix.” The Last Words (Real and Traditional) of Distinguished Men and Women. New York: Fleming H. Revell, 1902: pp. 323-38. READ

Skinner, Charles R. “Story of McKinley’s Assassination.” State Service Apr. 1919 v3n4: pp. 20-24. READ

Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred. “King Humbert—Bresci—President McKinley—Czolgosz (1898-1901)” [chapter 10]. The Anarchists: Their Faith and Their Record. London: Lane, 1911: pp. 240-59. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial)

SEE ALSO Loran L. Lewis

SEE ALSO Robert C. Titus

[untitled]. Virginia Law Register Oct. 1901 v7n6: pp. 432-34. READ

“Afraid of the Mob.” News and Courier 18 Sept. 1901: p. 1. READ

“Altgeld May Defend Assassin.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 15 Sept. 1901 v60n258: part 1, p. 4. READ

“The Conviction of Czolgosz.” Collier’s Weekly 5 Oct. 1901 v28n1: p. 20. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Journal and Herald 19 Sept. 1901 v35n35: p. [4]. READ

“Czolgosz Will Not Talk.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 20 Sept. 1901 v63n88: p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s State of Mind.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 22 Sept. 1901 v63n89: p. 1. READ

“Fennelly Not to Defend Czolgosz.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 5. READ

Graham, George S. “The Trial of Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: p. 649. READ

Kinkead, Edgar B. “Legal Ethics—Points of Professional Conduct” [lecture 23]. Jurisprudence, Law and Ethics. New York: Banks Law, 1905: pp. 307-29. READ

“Law Magnified and Made Honorable.” Christian Advocate 3 Oct. 1901 v76n40: pp. 1564-65. READ

“Legislation Wanted for Anarchists.” American Law Review Sept.-Oct. 1901 v35n5: pp. 744-47. READ

“Murder in the First Degree.” Afro-American-Ledger 28 Sept. 1901 v10n8: p. [2]. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

“Titus May Not Accept.” Daily Picayune 21 Sept. 1901 v65n240: p. 1. READ

“Too Much Legalism.” Spokane Daily Chronicle 17 Sept. 1901 v16n12: p. 3. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 28 Sept. 1901 v69n4: p. 198. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 5 Oct. 1901 v69n5: pp. 242-43. READ

“Trial of the Assassin.” Daily Picayune 22 Sept. 1901 v65n241: part 1, p. 1. READ

“The Trial of the Assassin.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 5 Oct. 1901 v8n14: p. 539. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (autopsy)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (mental health)

“Czolgosz Is Rapidly Breaking Down and Appears to Be a Physical and Mental Wreck—Refuses to Talk.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz’s Brain Normal.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 2. READ

“The President’s Case.” Medical News 14 Sept. 1901 v79n11: pp. 401-04. READ

“Proceedings in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1901 v58n2: pp. 315-17. READ

Wilson, George R. “Anarchism: The Insanity of Delusive Expedient.” Scottish Medical and Surgical Journal Mar. 1902 v10n3: pp. 206-08. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (autopsy)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (phrenological examination)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (psychiatric examination)

[Czolgosz Bertillon Card]. Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society Archives, A90-4. 1901. READ

“Czolgosz Recovers His Nerve.” Chicago Daily Tribune 1 Oct. 1901 v60n274: part 1, p. 2. READ

Drahms, August. “Leon F. Czolgosz: A Descriptive Analysis on the Basis of the Bertillon System of Identification.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 53-57. READ

SEE Czolgosz memorialization

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (medical condition)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (psychiatric examination)

“Alienists Find Czolgosz Sane.” Chicago Daily Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v60n253: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Assassin Czolgosz Ceases His Boasting.” Buffalo Evening News 10 Sept. 1901 v42n129: p. 8. READ

“Assassin Has No Moral Sense.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Oct. 1901 v54n46: part 2, p. 1. READ

“Broke Down Completely.” Iowa State Register 28 Sept. 1901 v46n229: p. 1. READ

Cabot, Ella Lyman. “The Darkness of Sin” [chapter 6]. Everyday Ethics. New York: Henry Holt, 1907: pp. 77-92. READ

“Czolgosz.” Journal of Mental Science Apr. 1902 v48n165 (new series): p. 336. READ

“Czolgosz in Death Cell.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Sept. 1901 v60n271: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Is Rapidly Breaking Down and Appears to Be a Physical and Mental Wreck—Refuses to Talk.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz Is Sane, and He Shows No Signs of Breaking Down.” Daily Picayune 13 Sept. 1901 v65n232: part 1, p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz Would Do It Again Says Dr. W. F. Becker, Expert.” Milwaukee Journal 9 Sept. 1901 v19: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz’s Brain Normal.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 2. READ

“Does Not Show Insanity.” New-York Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v61n20022: p. 3. READ

“Dr. Frank F. Fry Thinks Czolgosz Is a Paranoiac.” St. Louis Republic 10 Sept. 1901 v94n72: p. 4. READ

Drahms, August. “Leon F. Czolgosz: A Descriptive Analysis on the Basis of the Bertillon System of Identification.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 53-57. READ

“Echoes and News.” Medical News 9 Nov. 1901 v79n19: pp. 746-52. READ

“Final Report in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: p. 542. READ

Graham, George S. “The Trial of Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: p. 649. READ

Hamilton, Allan McLane. “Political Murders” [chapter 21]. Recollections of an Alienist. New York: George H. Doran, 1916: pp. 342-68. READ

Holt, Henry. “The Treatment of Anarchism.” American Monthly Review of Reviews Feb. 1902 v25n2: pp. 192-200. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. [untitled]. Alienist and Neurologist Oct. 1901 v22n4: p. 722. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Medical Aspects of the Czolgosz Case.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 40-52. READ

Lydston, G. Frank. “Anarchy in Its Relations to Crime” [chapter 6]. The Diseases of Society. 4th ed. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1906: pp. 229-302. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Execution of Czolgosz.” Medical News 9 Nov. 1901 v79n19: pp. 752-53. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

Moyer, Harold N. “Dr. Moyer, Alienist, Thinks Czolgosz Sane; No Mental Defect or Degeneracy in Face.” Chicago Daily Tribune 9 Sept. 1901 v60n252: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Murder in the First Degree.” Afro-American-Ledger 28 Sept. 1901 v10n8: p. [2]. READ

“Proceedings in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1901 v58n2: pp. 315-17. READ

Talbot, Eugene S. “Degeneracy and Political Assassination.” Developmental Pathology. Chicago: [n.p.], 1905: pp. 1-24. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 28 Sept. 1901 v69n4: p. 198. READ

“The Trial of the Assassin.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 5 Oct. 1901 v8n14: p. 539. READ

Twain, Mark. “[To Rev. J. H. Twichell, in Hartford].” Mark Twain’s Letters. Ed. Albert Bigelow Paine. Vol. 2. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1917: pp. 713-16. READ

“What Moved Czolgosz.” New-York Tribune 9 Sept. 1901 v61n20021: p. 1. READ

Wilson, George R. “Anarchism: The Insanity of Delusive Expedient.” Scottish Medical and Surgical Journal Mar. 1902 v10n3: pp. 206-08. READ

“With His Yells Prison Echoed.” Atlanta Constitution 28 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

SEE McKinley assassination (murder weapon)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (name, pronunciation of)

[untitled]. Arizona Republican 9 Sept. 1901 v12n114: p. 2. READ

[untitled]. Dalles Daily Chronicle 24 Sept. 1901 v13n187: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Deseret Evening News 12 Sept. 1901 v52n253: p. 4. READ

“Miscellaneous News.” Grey River Argus 16 Nov. 1901 v57n10520: p. [4]. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (name)

[untitled]. Caras y Caretas 14 Sept. 1901 v4n154: [no pagination]. READ

[untitled]. Norfolk Landmark 14 Sept. 1901 v53n16: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. West Coast Times 26 Sept. 1901 n12025: p. [2]. READ

“How to Pronounce It.” Norfolk Landmark 20 Sept. 1901 v53n21: p. 4. READ

“Information for the Ignorant.” Norfolk Landmark 13 Sept. 1901 v53n15: p. 4. READ

“Leon Czolgosz, Assassin.” Bourbon News 13 Sept. 1901 v21n65: p. [2]. READ

McClure, Alexander K., and Charles Morris. “The Assassin and the Anarchists” [chapter 28]. The Authentic Life of William McKinley. Memorial ed. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 438-47. READ

“Notes.” Stenographer Nov. 1901 v16n10: p. 260. READ

“A Pronunciamento.” Norfolk Landmark 22 Sept. 1901 v53n23: p. 4. READ

Quip. “Czolgosz.” New Zealand Tablet 17 Oct. 1901 v29n42: p. 18. READ

S., G. J. “The Assassin’s Name.” Buffalo Evening News 13 Sept. 1901 v42n132: p. 9. READ

“Siftings.” Irish-American 14 Sept. 1901 v53n37: p. 5. READ

Taylor, Isaac. “Czolgosz.” Notes and Queries 28 Sept. 1901 v8n196 (ninth series): p. 260. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (editorial cartoons)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (illustrations)

“The Assassin of President McKinley.” Black and White Budget 28 Sept. 1901 v6n103: p. 3. READ

“Leon F. Czolgosz.” The True Story of the Assassination of President McKinley at Buffalo. By Richard H. Barry. Buffalo: Robert Allan Reid, 1901: p. 12. READ

“The Prisoner Photographed.” Daily Picayune 8 Sept. 1901 v65n227: part 1, p. 9. READ

“A Wild Beast Caged—the Murderer of President McKinley in Prison—He Shows Traces of Rough Usage.” Black and White Budget 28 Sept. 1901 v6n103: p. 1. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (medical examination)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (psychiatric examination)

“Recent Events.” Phrenological Journal and Phrenological Magazine Oct. 1901 v112n4: pp. 133-36. READ

SEE Czolgosz physicians

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (death: poetry)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: poetry)

Alexander, Grif. “And His Wife?” Pittsburg Press 15 Sept. 1901 v18n256: p. 6. READ

Allstorm, Oliver. “Leon F. Czolgosz.” Chords from a Strange Lyre. Chicago: Sims, Wilson and Sims, 1902: pp. 121-24. READ

Deyo, Milo. “A Sonnet to Leon Czolgosz.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 27 Sept. 1901 v63n94: p. 4. READ

Neihardt, John G. “Czolgosz.” Man-Song. New York: Mitchell Kennerley, 1909: p. 34. READ

Oaks, Henry C. “The Shooting of the President.” Buffalo Sunday News 22 Sept. 1901 v28n46: p. 7. READ

“Our Martyr-President.” Cambrian Oct. 1901 v21n10: p. 480. READ

Scurlock, Nelse J. “To Czolgosz.” Fishin’ ’Long Old Ellum Creek and Other Poems. Ed. Charles N. Wood. Kirksville: Journal Printing, 1903: pp. 140-41. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: popular culture)

SEE ALSO McKinley assassination (popular culture)

[advertisement]. New York Times 3 Nov. 1901 v51n16169: p. 17. READ

[untitled]. National Police Gazette 7 Dec. 1901 v79n1268: p. 2. READ

[untitled]. Norfolk Landmark 13 Sept. 1901 v53n15: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Poverty Bay Herald 24 Dec. 1901 v28n9334: p. 1. READ

“Dr. Linn’s Museum.” Buffalo Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901 v28n45: p. [?]. READ

Marston, E. “Among the Rainbows” [chapter 10]. Fishing for Pleasure and Catching It. London: T. Werner Laurie, 1906: pp. 86-96. READ

Benjamin, Louis, and Albert Durrant Watson. “Messages of Fifty-Five Minds through One Soul.” Birth through Death. New York: James A. McCann, 1920: pp. 244-56. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (name, pronunciation of)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial)

“Alienists Find Czolgosz Sane.” Chicago Daily Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v60n253: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Law Magnified and Made Honorable.” Christian Advocate 3 Oct. 1901 v76n40: pp. 1564-65. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

“Alienists Find Czolgosz Sane.” Chicago Daily Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v60n253: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Legal Status of One Who Assaults the President.” American Law Review Jan.-Feb. 1902 v36n1: pp. 121-22. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (medical examination)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (mental health)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (phrenological examination)

“Alienists Find Czolgosz Sane.” Chicago Daily Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v60n253: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Assassin Czolgosz Ceases His Boasting.” Buffalo Evening News 10 Sept. 1901 v42n129: p. 8. READ

“Czolgosz’s State of Mind.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 22 Sept. 1901 v63n89: p. 1. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

Moyer, Harold N. “Dr. Moyer, Alienist, Thinks Czolgosz Sane; No Mental Defect or Degeneracy in Face.” Chicago Daily Tribune 9 Sept. 1901 v60n252: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Proceedings in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1901 v58n2: pp. 315-17. READ

“Trial of the Assassin.” Daily Picayune 22 Sept. 1901 v65n241: part 1, p. 1. READ

Talbot, Eugene S. “Degeneracy and Political Assassination.” Developmental Pathology. Chicago: [n.p.], 1905: pp. 1-24. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (confession)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (last words)

“Assassin Has No Moral Sense.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Oct. 1901 v54n46: part 2, p. 1. READ

“Broke Down Completely.” Iowa State Register 28 Sept. 1901 v46n229: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz in Death Cell.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Sept. 1901 v60n271: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Is Already in the Death Cell at Auburn Prison Awaiting the Day of His Doom.” Buffalo Review 27 Sept. 1901 v19n96: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Is Rapidly Breaking Down and Appears to Be a Physical and Mental Wreck—Refuses to Talk.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 3. READ

“‘I Am Sorry’ Is Statement of Czolgosz.” Buffalo Evening Times 27 Sept. 1901 v36n11: p. 7. READ

“‘I Will Kill Any Ruler You Select’ Said Czolgosz.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

Langtoft, Geoffrey. “Assassination a Fruit of Socialism.” Fortnightly Review 1 Oct. 1901 v70n418 (new series): pp. 571-80. READ

Wilson, George R. “Anarchism: The Insanity of Delusive Expedient.” Scottish Medical and Surgical Journal Mar. 1902 v10n3: pp. 206-08. READ

“With His Yells Prison Echoed.” Atlanta Constitution 28 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

“The Fate of Czolgosz as Viewed Abroad.” Literary Digest 2 Nov. 1901 v23n18: p. 541. READ

“Czolgosz Sees a Priest, but He Refuses to Repent.” Chicago Daily Tribune 23 Oct. 1901 v60n296: part 2, p. 9. READ

“Czolgosz Taken into the Church.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 26 Oct. 1901 v54n66: p. 1. READ

“Nationality of Czolgosz Again.” Literary Digest 19 Oct. 1901 v23n16: pp. 459-60. READ

Waite, R. A. “Making Men.” St. Andrew’s Cross Nov.-Dec. 1913 v28n2: pp. 66-69. READ

Webber, A. Bernard. “The Influence of a Bible School.” Stories and Poems for Public Addresses. New York: George H. Doran, 1922: pp. 29-30. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (arrival at Auburn State Prison)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Auburn, NY)

“The Assassin Sentenced.” Independent 3 Oct. 1901 v53n2757: p. 2322. READ

“Czolgosz Is Already in the Death Cell at Auburn Prison Awaiting the Day of His Doom.” Buffalo Review 27 Sept. 1901 v19n96: p. 1. READ

“Deputies Are Back from the Trip to Prison.” Buffalo Courier 28 Sept. 1901 v66n271: p. 6. READ

“‘I Am Sorry’ Is Statement of Czolgosz.” Buffalo Evening Times 27 Sept. 1901 v36n11: p. 7. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 5 Oct. 1901 v69n5: pp. 242-43. READ

SEE Czolgosz residence

“The Assassin Sentenced.” Independent 3 Oct. 1901 v53n2757: p. 2322. READ

“Law Magnified and Made Honorable.” Christian Advocate 3 Oct. 1901 v76n40: pp. 1564-65. READ

McClure, Alexander K., and Charles Morris. “Czolgosz Pays the Penalty” [chapter 29]. The Authentic Life of William McKinley. Memorial ed. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 448-53. READ

“News of the Week.” Public Opinion 3 Oct. 1901 v31n14: p. 443. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

“The People of the State of New York against Leon F. Czolgosz.” Unpublished trial transcript. 23-24, 26 Sept. 1901. READ

SEE McKinley assassination (sympathizers)

“A Clew at Memphis.” Daily Picayune 8 Sept. 1901 v65n227: part 1, p. 9. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (grand jury)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (legal defense)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (prosecution)

“Apropos of Mr. McKinley’s Death.” American Monthly Review of Reviews Nov. 1901 v24n5: p. 532. READ

“The Assassin Sentenced.” Independent 3 Oct. 1901 v53n2757: p. 2322. READ

“Chronicle of the Week.” Tablet 28 Sept. 1901 v98n3203: pp. 477-80. READ

“The Conviction of Czolgosz.” Collier’s Weekly 5 Oct. 1901 v28n1: p. 20. READ

“Conviction of Czolgosz.” Zion’s Herald 2 Oct. 1901 v79n39: p. 1251. READ

“Current Topics.” Solicitors’ Journal and Reporter 28 Sept. 1901 v45n48: pp. 783-85. READ

“Czolgosz Found Guilty.” Timely Topics 27 Sept. 1901 v6n4: p. 56. READ

“Czolgosz on Trial.” Morning Oregonian 24 Sept. 1901 v41n12725: p. 1. READ

Hamilton, Allan McLane. “Political Murders” [chapter 21]. Recollections of an Alienist. New York: George H. Doran, 1916: pp. 342-68. READ

“Law Magnified and Made Honorable.” Christian Advocate 3 Oct. 1901 v76n40: pp. 1564-65. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

McClure, Alexander K., and Charles Morris. “Czolgosz Pays the Penalty” [chapter 29]. The Authentic Life of William McKinley. Memorial ed. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 448-53. READ

“Murder in the First Degree.” Afro-American-Ledger 28 Sept. 1901 v10n8: p. [2]. READ

“News of the Week.” Christian Advocate 3 Oct. 1901 v76n40: p. 1599. READ

“News of the Week.” Public Opinion 3 Oct. 1901 v31n14: p. 443. READ

Olcott, Charles S. “The Trial of the Assassin” [appendix 2]. The Life of William McKinley. Vol. 2. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1916: pp. 385-88. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

“The People of the State of New York against Leon F. Czolgosz.” Unpublished trial transcript. 23-24, 26 Sept. 1901. READ

“Proceedings in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1901 v58n2: pp. 315-17. READ

“Summary of Events.” Friend 5 Oct. 1901 v75n12: pp. 95-96. READ

Townsend, G. W. “Chapter XXIV.” Memorial Life of William McKinley. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 460-66. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 5 Oct. 1901 v69n5: pp. 242-43. READ

“Trial of President McKiley’s [sic] Murderer.” Enterprise 25 Sept. 1901 v6n80: p. 1. READ

Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred. “King Humbert—Bresci—President McKinley—Czolgosz (1898-1901)” [chapter 10]. The Anarchists: Their Faith and Their Record. London: Lane, 1911: pp. 240-59. READ

“The Week.” Nation 3 Oct. 1901 v73n1892: pp. 255-57. READ

“Lesson of the Czolgosz Trial.” Nation 31 Oct. 1901 v73n1896: pp. 332-33. READ

Bell, Percy. “The Lawyer’s Relation to Lawlessness.” American Law Review Mar.-Apr. 1914 v48n2: pp. 209-24. READ

“Trial of the President’s Murderer.” Daily Picayune 24 Sept. 1901 v65n243: p. 4. READ

“Erskine’s Defence of Hadfield.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 5 Oct. 1901 v8n14: pp. 539-40. READ

Graham, George S. “The Trial of Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: p. 649. READ

“The Trial of the Assassin.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 5 Oct. 1901 v8n14: p. 539. READ

[untitled]. Burlington Hawk-Eye 1 Oct. 1901 v63n97: p. 4. READ

“Trial of the President’s Murderer.” Daily Picayune 24 Sept. 1901 v65n243: p. 4. READ

Goldman, Emma. “October Twenty-Ninth, 1901.” Mother Earth Oct. 1911 v6n8: pp. 232-35. READ

“Lesson of the Czolgosz Trial.” Nation 31 Oct. 1901 v73n1896: pp. 332-33. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial: personal response)

[untitled]. Virginia Law Register Oct. 1901 v7n6: pp. 432-34. READ

Goldman, Emma. “October Twenty-Ninth, 1901.” Mother Earth Oct. 1911 v6n8: pp. 232-35. READ

Hamilton, Allan McLane. “Political Murders” [chapter 21]. Recollections of an Alienist. New York: George H. Doran, 1916: pp. 342-68. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Medical Aspects of the Czolgosz Case.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 40-52. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

“Expense of Czolgosz’s Trial.” American Lawyer Jan. 1902 v10n1: p. 2. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial: personal response)

“Root Praises Erie County Officers.” New-York Tribune 15 Nov. 1901 v61n20088: p. 9. READ

Powers, T. E. “Court-Room Scene during the Trial of President M’Kinley’s Assassin.” World 23 Sept. 1901: p. 2. READ

“Single Ballot All That Was Necessary.” Buffalo Courier 25 Sept. 1901 v66n268: p. 9. READ

“Trial of President McKiley’s [sic] Murderer.” Enterprise 25 Sept. 1901 v6n80: p. 1. READ

“Trial of the President’s Murderer.” Daily Picayune 24 Sept. 1901 v65n243: p. 4. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial: criticism)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial: government response)

[untitled]. Virginia Law Register Oct. 1901 v7n6: pp. 432-34. READ

[untitled]. Western New-Yorker 10 Oct. 1901 v61n41: p. [4]. READ

“Anarchy and Lynch Law.” Medical Dial Oct. 1901 v3n10: pp. 242-43. READ

“The Assassin Condemned.” Irish-American 28 Sept. 1901 v53n39: p. 4. READ

“The Character of Czolgosz.” World’s Work Nov. 1901 v3n1: p. 1366. READ

“Disposal of Czolgosz.” Gunton’s Magazine Oct. 1901 v21n4: pp. 293-94. READ

Earl, Robert. “Criminal Law and Its Administration in the State of New York.” Columbia Law Review Mar. 1902 v2n3: pp. 144-47. READ

“Final Report in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: p. 542. READ

Graham, George S. “The Trial of Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: p. 649. READ

Hamilton, Allan McLane. “Political Murders” [chapter 21]. Recollections of an Alienist. New York: George H. Doran, 1916: pp. 342-68. READ

“Law Magnified and Made Honorable.” Christian Advocate 3 Oct. 1901 v76n40: pp. 1564-65. READ

“Lesson of the Czolgosz Trial.” Nation 31 Oct. 1901 v73n1896: pp. 332-33. READ

“Make Assassin’s Trial a Lesson to Anarchists.” Buffalo Evening News 20 Sept. 1901 v42n137: p. 1. READ

“Proceedings in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1901 v58n2: pp. 315-17. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” American Lawyer Dec. 1901 v9n11: p. 563. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 5 Oct. 1901 v69n5: pp. 242-43. READ

“The Trial of the Assassin.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 5 Oct. 1901 v8n14: p. 539. READ

“Trial of the President’s Murderer.” Daily Picayune 24 Sept. 1901 v65n243: p. 4. READ

“The Week.” Nation 3 Oct. 1901 v73n1892: pp. 255-57. READ

“Single Ballot All That Was Necessary.” Buffalo Courier 25 Sept. 1901 v66n268: p. 9. READ

“Altgeld May Defend Assassin.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 15 Sept. 1901 v60n258: part 1, p. 4. READ

“Czolgosz Will Not Talk.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 20 Sept. 1901 v63n88: p. 2. READ

“Day of Doom for Assassin Is Near.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 15 Sept. 1901 v60n258: part 1, p. 4. READ

“Let There Be No Delay.” Buffalo Courier 14 Sept. 1901 v66n257: p. 6. READ

“Make Assassin’s Trial a Lesson to Anarchists.” Buffalo Evening News 20 Sept. 1901 v42n137: p. 1. READ

“Too Much Legalism.” Spokane Daily Chronicle 17 Sept. 1901 v16n12: p. 3. READ

“The Trial at Buffalo.” American Monthly Review of Reviews Oct. 1901 v24n4: pp. 389-90. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 28 Sept. 1901 v69n4: p. 198. READ

“Trial of the President’s Murderer.” Daily Picayune 24 Sept. 1901 v65n243: p. 4. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (legal defense)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (prosecution)

“The Trial of Czolgocz” [sic]. Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901: p. 2. READ

“The People of the State of New York against Leon F. Czolgosz.” Unpublished trial transcript. 23-24, 26 Sept. 1901. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Auburn, NY: visitations)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Buffalo, NY: visitations)

“He Is a Pole, and the Law-Abiding Poles Deplore It.” Daily Picayune 13 Sept. 1901 v65n232: part 1, p. 7. READ

SEE William McKinley (condolences)

“Gen. Lew Wallace Talks of His Friend, M’Kinley.” Buffalo Courier 26 Sept. 1901 v66n269: p. 6. READ

“Gen. Lew Wallace Talks of His Friend, M’Kinley.” Buffalo Courier 26 Sept. 1901 v66n269: p. 6. READ

SEE Loran L. Lewis

Dennis, Howard. “Emma Goldman and the Cleveland Anarchists.” Modern Culture Nov. 1901 v14n3: pp. 180-82. READ

SEE Eduardo Licéaga

Griffin, Harry W. [untitled]. Life 26 Sept. 1901 v38n986: p. 254. READ

Williams, Charles. [untitled]. Life 17 Oct. 1901 v38n989: p. 314. READ

SEE Frank W. Lilley

SEE Abraham Lincoln

SEE Thomas J. Lipton

SEE Charles Edward Locke

SEE Jacob J. Lohrer

“Proceedings of the Board of Indian Commissioners at the Nineteenth Lake Mohonk Indian Conference” [appendix C]. Annual Reports of the Department of the Interior: Indian Affairs. Part 2. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1902: pp. 800-52. READ

“Proceedings of the Board of Indian Commissioners at the Nineteenth Lake Mohonk Indian Conference” [appendix C]. Annual Reports of the Department of the Interior: Indian Affairs. Part 2. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1902: pp. 800-52. READ

SEE John D. Long

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (legal defense)

SEE ALSO Loran L. Lewis (photographs)

“Assassin Czolgosz’s Judge and Legal Talent Connected with the Case.” Deseret Evening News 27 Sept. 1901 v52n266: p. 3. READ

SEE ALSO Loran L. Lewis (illustrations)

“District Attorney Penney [and] Hon. Lorain [sic] L. Lewis.” American Monthly Review of Reviews Oct. 1901 v24n4: p. 390. READ

“Anarchy and Lynch Law.” Medical Dial Oct. 1901 v3n10: pp. 242-43. READ

“Anarchy and Lynch Law.” Zion’s Herald 2 Oct. 1901 v79n39: pp. 1251-52. READ

“Czolgosz Found Guilty.” Timely Topics 27 Sept. 1901 v6n4: p. 56. READ

“Czolgosz’s State of Mind.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 22 Sept. 1901 v63n89: p. 1. READ

“Murder in the First Degree.” Afro-American-Ledger 28 Sept. 1901 v10n8: p. [2]. READ

“Trial of the Assassin.” Daily Picayune 22 Sept. 1901 v65n241: part 1, p. 1. READ

SEE J. J. Lorkowski

SEE Michael W. Louis

Chapple, Joe Mitchell. “Affairs at Washington.” National Magazine Oct. 1901 v15n1: pp. 5-30. READ

“Roosevelt Too, Says Most.” New-York Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v61n20022: p. 3. READ

SEE Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States

“Mrs. Emma [sic] Parsons Will Publicly Denounce Anarchy.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

“Czolgosz a Lunatic, Says Lucy Parsons.” New York Times 11 Sept. 1901 v50n16124: p. 2. READ

“Mrs. Emma [sic] Parsons Will Publicly Denounce Anarchy.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

SEE William McKinley (lying in state)

SEE ALSO McKinley cabinet

“Secretary Gage Is Confident.” Iowa State Register 10 Sept. 1901 v46n213: p. 1. READ

“Stocks Buoyed by Hope.” New-York Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v61n20022: p. 14. READ

“Lyman J. Gage—Secretary of the Treasury.” Memorial Life of William McKinley. By G. W. Townsend. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: [unnumbered plate]. READ

“Gage to Buy Bonds.” New-York Tribune 11 Sept. 1901 v61n20023: p. 1. READ

“Tributes to President McKinley.” Outlook 28 Sept. 1901 v69n4: pp. 241-43. READ

SEE anarchism (compared with lynching)

SEE lawlessness (mob rule)