“Scientist Interested in Czolgosz’s Case.” Intermountain Catholic 18 Jan. 1902 v3n16: p. 5. READ

“Tragedy As It Was Seen by Debutante Singer.” Brooklyn Daily Eagle 9 Sept. 1901 v61n250: p. 2. READ

“Second Class Privilege Taken from Paterson Newspaper.” Fourth Estate 4 Apr. 1908 n736: p. 6. READ

SEE John La Violette

“An Explanation from the Editor.” Ladies’ Home Journal Jan. 1902 v19n2: p. 2. READ

SEE P. E. C. Lally

SEE S. W. T. Lanham

SEE William McKinley (last public address)

SEE William McKinley (last will and testament)

SEE Leon Czolgosz (last words)

SEE William McKinley (last words)

SEE Frederick V. Lauer

SEE John Laughlin

SEE Michael J. Lavelle

“Anarchists and Anarchists.” Milwaukee Journal 10 Sept. 1901 v19: p. 6. READ

Harman, Lillian. “How Justice Is Administered.” Socialist Spirit Oct. 1901 v1n2: p. 29. READ

“Tendencies That Might Well Be Corrected.” Journal of Medicine and Science Oct. 1901 v7n11: pp. 387-89. READ

Campbell, Wallace Bruce. “Some Limitations in the Administration of Criminal Law.” Some Limitations in the Administration of Criminal Law. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1909: pp. 3-14. READ

“The Dilemma of Authority.” Freedom Oct. 1901 v15n161: pp. 59-60. READ

Holt, Henry. “The Treatment of Anarchism.” American Monthly Review of Reviews Feb. 1902 v25n2: pp. 192-200. READ

“Too Much Legalism.” Spokane Daily Chronicle 17 Sept. 1901 v16n12: p. 3. READ

[untitled]. Clarksburg Telegram 27 Sept. 1901 v40n47: p. 4. READ

Carter, W. S. [untitled]. American Federationist Sept. 1902 v9n9: pp. 495-97. READ

“Jane Addams and the Imprisoned Anarchists.” Lucifer, the Light-Bearer 21 Sept. 1901 v5n36 (3rd series): p. 291. READ

Wade, M. J. “A Jury of Our Peers.” Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Session of the Iowa State Bar Association. Iowa City: The Association, 1911: pp. 106-12. READ

Allen, W. C. “N. R. Convention at Morning Sun, Ia.” Christian Nation 8 Jan. 1902 v36: pp. 13-14. READ

Betiero, T. J. “Was Czolgosz Hypnotized?” Star of the Magi 1 Nov. 1901 v3n1: pp. 16-17. READ

“President M’Kinley.” Milwaukee Journal 7 Sept. 1901 v19: p. 6. READ

“Tendencies That Might Well Be Corrected.” Journal of Medicine and Science Oct. 1901 v7n11: pp. 387-89. READ

[untitled]. Camas Prairie Chronicle 27 Sept. 1901 v9n37: p. [4]. READ

[untitled]. Clarksburg Telegram 27 Sept. 1901 v40n47: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Fergus County Argus 22 July 1903 v20n51: p. 6. READ

[untitled]. Journal-Advance 13 Sept. 1901 v7n39: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Life 3 Oct. 1901 v38n987: p. 264. READ

[untitled]. Public 21 Sept. 1901 v4n181: pp. 369-72. READ

“Anarchists and Anarchists.” Milwaukee Journal 10 Sept. 1901 v19: p. 6. READ

“Anarchy and Lynch Law.” Medical Dial Oct. 1901 v3n10: pp. 242-43. READ

Davies, William E. “Give Czolgosz His Own Medicine.” World 17 Sept. 1901 v42n14637: p. [8]. READ

“An Evidence of Civilization.” Watchman 12 Sept. 1901 v83n36: p. 5. READ

Gittings, John G. “Detectives Who Do Not Detect.” Clarksburg Telegram 13 Sept. 1901 v40n45: p. 4. READ

“The Lesson for Canada.” St. John Daily Sun 9 Sept. 1901 v24n216: p. 4. READ

“Mackay’s Remedy.” Daily Picayune 17 Sept. 1901 v65n236: p. 1. READ

McSwain, I. A. “Man—The Product of Two Forces.” Memphis Medical Monthly Dec. 1901 v21n12: pp. 617-28. READ

“On Death of M’Kinley.” Atlanta Constitution 25 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 5. READ

“Present Laws against Anarchism.” Outlook 21 Sept. 1901 v69n3: pp. 146-47. READ

“Put Down Mob Law.” Afro-American-Ledger 14 Sept. 1901 v10n6: p. [4]. READ

“Titus May Not Accept.” Daily Picayune 21 Sept. 1901 v65n240: p. 1. READ

“Too Much Legalism.” Spokane Daily Chronicle 17 Sept. 1901 v16n12: p. 3. READ

Twain, Mark. “[To Rev. J. H. Twichell, in Hartford].” Mark Twain’s Letters. Ed. Albert Bigelow Paine. Vol. 2. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1917: pp. 713-16. READ

“Tried to Lynch the Doctor.” Atlanta Constitution 16 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 1. READ

“Mob Beats Clergyman.” Journal and Herald 26 Sept. 1901 v35n36: p. [4]. READ

“Assassin Closely Guarded.” Iowa State Register 8 Sept. 1901 v46n211: p. 3. READ

“News and Views.” Black and White Budget 19 Oct. 1901 v6n106: pp. 98-101. READ

“The Mourning.” Nation 26 Sept. 1901 v73n1891: p. 238. READ

“Tarred and Feathered.” Daily Picayune 12 Sept. 1901 v65n231: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Traitor Hanged in Effigy.” Iowa State Register 17 Sept. 1901 v46n219: p. 5. READ

“Mob Violence in Chicago.” Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901: p. 2. READ

“Editor Nearly Lynched for Attacking M’Kinley.” Atlanta Constitution 15 Sept. 1901 v34: part 1, p. 3. READ

“The Church Universal and the Attempted Assassination.” Congregationalist and Christian World 14 Sept. 1901 v86n37: p. 396. READ

[untitled]. Life 3 Oct. 1901 v38n987: p. 264. READ

“Resume of the News.” Turner County Herald 7 Nov. 1901 v19n29: p. [2]. READ

“Farmer Tarred and Feathered.” Valentine Democrat 26 Sept. 1901 v16n36: p. [2]. READ

“News Caused Riot at Indianapolis.” Buffalo Review 7 Sept. 1901 v19n79: p. 7. READ

“Mob Seeks Man Who Wants to Name His Baby Czolgosz.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Oct. 1901 v60n301: part 1, p. 1. READ

“Gloated over the Tragedy.” Daily Picayune 22 Sept. 1901 v65n241: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Tied to Tree and Whipped.” Atlanta Constitution 16 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 1. READ

“Ran Him Out of Town.” Daily Ardmoreite 13 Feb. 1902 v9n89: p. [2]. READ

“Made Him ‘Shut Up.’” Norfolk Landmark 10 Sept. 1901 v53n12: p. 1. READ

“Forced by Mob to Disown Joy.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 15 Sept. 1901 v60n258: part 1, p. 3. READ

“An Anarchist in Trouble.” News and Courier 1 Oct. 1901: p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Sympathizer Painted Red.” Lockport Journal 30 Oct. 1901 v44n106: p. 3. READ

“Anarchist Feels Rope.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 4 Oct. 1901 v63n100: p. 1. READ

“Miners Threaten Lynching.” Milwaukee Sentinel 11 Sept. 1901 n23686: part 1, p. 2. READ

SEE anarchism (laws against)

SEE assassination (laws against)

Goldman, Emma. “The Psychology of Political Violence.” Anarchism and Other Essays. New York: Mother Earth, 1910: pp. 85-114. READ

Colt, Le Baron Bradford. “Anarchy.” American Lawyer Apr. 1902 v10n4: pp. 148-54. READ

SEE Benjamin Lee

SEE Edward Wallace Lee

SEE John Lloyd Lee

SEE William McKinley (legacy)

SEE Leon Czolgosz (legal defense)

SEE anarchism (legal penalties)

SEE Albert Lemanski

“Editorial.” Messenger of the Sacred Heart of Jesus Oct. 1901 v36n10: pp. 939-41. READ

“The Church Universal and the Attempted Assassination.” Congregationalist and Christian World 14 Sept. 1901 v86n37: p. 396. READ

Doyle, A. P. “The Undoing of William McKinley, President.” Catholic World Oct. 1901 v74n439: pp. 1-7. READ

“The Nations and the Anarchist.” Literary Digest 12 Oct. 1901 v23n15: pp. 443-44. READ

“Queen Margherita Affected.” Madison County Times 13 Sept. 1901 v32n7: p. [3]. READ

“The World’s Sympathy.” Outlook 14 Sept. 1901 v69n2: p. 97. READ

Deutsch, Leo. “Chapter XXXIV.” Sixteen Years in Siberia. Trans. Helen Chisholm. London: John Murray, 1903: pp. 347-59. READ

[untitled]. Public 21 Sept. 1901 v4n181: pp. 369-72. READ

SEE ALSO Czolgosz family

[untitled]. Albuquerque Daily Citizen 25 Sept. 1901 v15n263: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Butte Inter Mountain 8 Jan. 1902 v21n245: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Clarksburg Telegram 1 Nov. 1901 v40n52: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Free Thought Magazine Nov. 1901 v19n11: p. 679. READ

[untitled]. Houston Daily Post 19 Sept. 1901 v17n168: p. 6. READ

[untitled]. Punxsutawney Spirit 31 Oct. 1906 v1n39: p. [4]. READ

[untitled]. Red Cloud Chief 4 Oct. 1901 v29n40: p. [4]. READ

[untitled]. Socialist Spirit Mar. 1902 v1n7: pp. 16-19. READ

[untitled]. Waycross Weekly Herald 12 Oct. 1901 v22n22: p. [4]. READ

[untitled]. Whim Feb. 1902 v3n1: pp. 7-8. READ

[untitled]. Wichita Daily Eagle 2 Nov. 1901 v35n144: p. 4. READ

“Akron Man.” Akron Daily Democrat 1 Nov. 1901 v10n167: p. 5. READ

“Anarchy and Laws.” Puck 16 Oct. 1901 v50n1285: [no pagination]. READ

Andrews, E. Benjamin. “Mr. McKinley’s End” [chapter 19]. History of the United States. Vol. 5. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1903: pp. 359-81. READ

“Answer to the ‘Old Man’ on European Nations.” Book-Keeper and Business Man’s Magazine Apr. 1904 v16n10: p. 55. READ

“As Others See Us: Comments of the Press Concerning the Recent Editorial Convention.” Denison Review 1 Oct. 1901 v36n67: p. [3]. READ

“The Assailant.” Outlook 14 Sept. 1901 v69n2: pp. 96-97. READ

“The Assassin.” Harper’s Weekly 14 Sept. 1901 v45n2334: p. 913. READ

“The Assassin.” Independent 12 Sept. 1901 v53n2754: pp. 2140-41. READ

“Assassin Czolgosz Says He Loved President McKinley.” St. Louis Republic 12 Sept. 1901 v94n75: p. 4. READ

“Assassin Has No Moral Sense.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Oct. 1901 v54n46: part 2, p. 1. READ

“Assassin Once of Natrona.” Pittsburg Press 8 Sept. 1901 v18n249: sect. 1, p. 2. READ

“The Assassination of President McKinley.” New York Lancet Oct. 1901 v22n10: pp. 243-44. READ

“The Assassin’s Deed.” Independent 12 Sept. 1901 v53n2754: pp. 2186-87. READ

Ayer, Harriet Hubbard. “Czolgosz a Likely Tool of Stronger Intellects.” World 10 Sept. 1901 v42n14630: p. 3. READ

Baginski, Max. “Leon Czolgosz.” Mother Earth Oct. 1906 v1n8: pp. 4-9. READ

Banks, Charles Eugene, and Le Roy Armstrong. “Assassination of President Mc Kinley” [chapter 18]. Theodore Roosevelt, Twenty-Sixth President of the United States. Chicago: S. Stone, 1901: pp. 354-68. READ

Bannister, H. M. “America.” Journal of Mental Science Jan. 1902 v48n164 (new series): pp. 124-26. READ

Betiero, T. J. “Was Czolgosz Hypnotized?” Star of the Magi 1 Nov. 1901 v3n1: pp. 16-17. READ

Blackmar, Frank W., and John Lewis Gillin. “Crime: Its Causes and Prevention” [chapter 4]. Outlines of Sociology. New York: Macmillan, 1921: pp. 478-98. READ

“Born in Michigan, City of Alpena.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

Cary, Alice. [untitled]. The Life of Little Justin Hulburd. Comp. E. W. Hulburd. Vol. 2. Descanso: [n.p.], 1909: pp. 281-86. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“The Character of Czolgosz.” World’s Work Nov. 1901 v3n1: p. 1366. READ

“Citizenisms.” Cleveland Citizen 5 Oct. 1901 v11n37: p. 1. READ

Crawford, J. S. “Political Anarchism—Its Policy and Philosophy.” Philosophic Anarchism,—Its Good Side and Its Very Bad. Cherokee: J. S. Crawford, 1911: pp. 5-52. READ

Currier, Albert H. “The Problem of Crime.” The Present Day Problem of Crime. Boston: Gorham Press, 1912: pp. 11-34. READ

“Czolgosz.” Evening Statesman 19 Oct. 1909: p. 4. READ

“Czolgosz Had Money.” Sun 10 Sept. 1901 v69n10: p. 8. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Timely Topics 20 Sept. 1901 v6n3: p. 41. READ

Czolgosz, Leon. [untitled]. Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 62-64. READ

“Czolgosz, Leon.” The Encyclopedia Americana. Vol. 8. New York: Encyclopedia Americana, 1920: p. 384. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Czolgosz Was Not of the Paterson Group.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

“Czolgosz’s Boyhood.” Daily Picayune 11 Sept. 1901 v65n230: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s Confederate.” Daily Picayune 8 Sept. 1901 v65n227: part 1, p. 8. READ

“Czolgosz’s Early Career.” Daily Picayune 11 Sept. 1901 v65n230: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s Early Career.” Iowa State Register 8 Sept. 1901 v46n211: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz’s Face Is That of Hardened Criminal, Says Physiognomist.” Buffalo Courier 18 Sept. 1901 v66n261: p. 7. READ

de Cleyre, Voltairine. “McKinley’s Assassination from the Anarchist Standpoint.” Mother Earth Oct. 1907 v2n8: pp. 303-06. READ

Drahms, August. “Leon F. Czolgosz: A Descriptive Analysis on the Basis of the Bertillon System of Identification.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 53-57. READ

Edson, Willis S. “A Life Enigma in Death’s Shadow.” Crittenden Press 5 Dec. 1901 v23n26: p. [3]. READ

Ellis, Havelock. “Additional Notes to Fourth Edition” [appendix E]. The Criminal. 4th ed., rev. and enlarged. London: Walter Scott Publishing, 1913: pp. 412-32. READ

“Exonerates Secret Service.” Omaha Sunday Bee 8 Sept. 1901: part 1, p. 2. READ

“The Fate of Czolgosz as Viewed Abroad.” Literary Digest 2 Nov. 1901 v23n18: p. 541. READ

Fowler, Joseph, Floyd S. Crego, and James W. Putnam. “Official Report of the Experts for the People in the Case of the People vs—Leon F. Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 9 Nov. 1901 v8n19: pp. 778-79. READ

“From Neighboring States.” Professional World 8 Nov. 1901 v1n2: p. [2]. READ

Galleani, Luigi. “29 Ottobre 1901.” Cronaca Sovversiva 2 Nov. 1907 v5n44: p. 1. READ

“Gave Czolgasz an Atomizer.” Cleveland Plain Dealer 23 Sept. 1901 v60n266: p. 4. READ

“General News.” Free Lance 30 Nov. 1901 v17n122: p. [2]. READ

Goldman, Emma. “October Twenty-Ninth, 1901.” Mother Earth Oct. 1911 v6n8: pp. 232-35. READ

Goldman, Emma. “The Psychology of Political Violence.” Anarchism and Other Essays. New York: Mother Earth, 1910: pp. 85-114. READ

“Hail to the Majesty of the Law.” Bar Oct. 1901 v8n10: pp. 326-27. READ

Harman, Moses. “The Lesson of the Hour.” Lucifer, the Light-Bearer 21 Sept. 1901 v5n36 (3rd series): pp. 292-93. READ

Havel, Hippolyte. “A Reminiscence.” Mother Earth Oct. 1908 v3n8: pp. 320-24. READ

Hawthorne, Julian, James Schouler, and E. Benjamin Andrews. “McKinley’s End and the Rise of Roosevelt” [chapter 30]. United States: From the Discovery of the North American Continent up to the Present Time. Vol. 9. New York: Co-Operative Publication Society, 1904: pp. 289-310. READ

“He Apparently Doesn’t Love Roosevelt.” Bemidji Daily Pioneer 27 Sept. 1910 v8n138: p. [2]. READ

Henderson, Mary Foote. “Anarchy: Its Cause and Cure.” The Aristocracy of Health. Washington, DC: Colton Publishing, 1904: pp. 538-44. READ

Hodge, O. J. “Czolgosz, the Assassin.” Reminiscences. Vol. 2. Cleveland: Brooks, 1910: pp. 128-30. READ

“The Home of Czolgosz.” Cleveland Leader 16 Sept. 1901 v54n259: p. 10. READ

“Home of Czolgosz Is In Cleveland.” Cleveland Leader 8 Sept. 1901 v54n251: p. 2. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Medical Aspects of the Czolgosz Case.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 40-52. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “The President’s Assassin.” Alienist and Neurologist Oct. 1901 v22n4: pp. 721-22. READ

“In the Rogues’ Gallery.” St. Louis Republic 13 Sept. 1901 v94n76: p. 3. READ

“Indian River Ripples.” Florida Star 27 Sept. 1901 v22n23: p. 8. READ

“Interior Agency.” Seventy-Eighth Annual Report of the American Tract Society. New York: American Tract Society, [1903]: pp. 90-106. READ

Kelley, William Valentine. “Oscar Wilde: The Consummate Flower of Æstheticism.” Down the Road and Other Essays of Nature, Life, Literature, and Religion. New York: Eaton and Mains, 1911: pp. 105-34. READ

“Knows the Czolgosz Family.” Milwaukee Sentinel 14 Sept. 1901 n23689: p. 3. READ

Labadie, Jo. “Anarchism and Crime.” Essays. Detroit: Labadie Shop, 1911: pp. 9-29. READ

Lane, Michael A. “New Dawns of Knowledge.” National Magazine July 1904 v20n4: pp. 416-22. READ

“Leon Czolgosz, Alias Nieman.” News and Courier 7 Sept. 1901: p. 2. READ

“Lewiston and Auburn.” Lewiston Daily Sun 14 Sept. 1901 v9: p. 2. READ

Lombroso, Cesare. “Anarchy: The Status of Anarchism To-Day in Europe and the United States.” Trans. Lionel Strachey. Everybody’s Magazine Feb. 1902 v6n2: pp. 165-68. READ

Lynd, Robert. “On Courage.” If the Germans Conquered England and Other Essays. Dublin: Maunsel and Company, 1917: pp. 68-73. READ

Mabie, Hamilton Wright. “The United States Becomes a World Power” [chapter 20]. This Country of Ours. Philadelphia: John C. Winston, 1902: pp. 383-402. READ

MacDonald, Arthur. “Assassins of Rulers.” Journal of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology Nov. 1911 v2n4: pp. 505-20. READ

“The Man Who Shot President M’Kinley.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 9 Sept. 1901 v54n19: p. 1. READ

McDill, Jo. “Jo McDill’s Musings.” Kansas Agitator 8 Nov. 1901 v12n23: p. 1. READ

Mencken, H. L. “The Old Subject” [chapter 12]. A Book of Burlesques. New rev. ed. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1920: pp. 213-19. READ

“Mike M’Laughlin Suicides.” Blue Grass Blade 5 Jan. 1902 v10n46: p. 1. READ

Mills, Charles K. “Political Assassinations in Some of Their Relations to Psychiatry and Legal Medicine.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 26 Oct. 1901 v8n17: pp. 688-92. READ

Moody, J. T. “Is Conscience a Safe Guide?” Institute Tie Sept. 1910 v11n1 (new series): pp. 23-24. READ

Moyer, Harold N. “Forensic Medicine.” The Practical Medicine Series of Year Books. Ed. George F. Butler, Henry B. Favill, Norman Bridge, and Harold N. Moyer. Vol. 7. Chicago: Year Book, 1902: pp. 243-62. READ

“News of the Week.” Public Opinion 12 Sept. 1901 v31n11: p. 349. READ

“Notes on Books and Other Things.” Carmelite Review Oct. 1901 v9n10: pp. 334-40. READ

“Observations and Comments.” Mother Earth Oct. 1911 v6n8: pp. 226-32. READ

“Observations and Comments.” Mother Earth Oct. 1913 v8n8: pp. 227-32. READ

“Observations and Comments.” Mother Earth Oct. 1916 v11n8: pp. 627-29. READ

“Our Excerpt.” Sunday Morning Globe 15 Sept. 1901 v1n20: p. 5. READ

“The Parents of Czolgosz.” Timely Topics 13 Sept. 1901 v6n2: pp. 21-22. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

“Pen Portrait of the Assassin.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

Philippe, Charles-Louis. “L’Assassinat du Président Mac-Kinley — Czolgosz.” L’Ermitage Dec. 1901 v12n12: pp. 464-66. READ

Piggott, Michael. “The American Language” [chapter 16]. American Genealogy. Quincy: [n.p.], 1915: pp. 281-307. READ

“President M’Kinley Shot.” Chicago Daily News 6 Sept. 1901 v26n214: part 1, p. 1. READ

“The President Shot.” Madison County Times 13 Sept. 1901 v32n7: p. [3]. READ

“Psychology of the Czolgosz Crime.” Public 26 Oct. 1901 v4n186: pp. 455-57. READ

Putnam, James W. “The Opinion of an Expert Who Examined Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: pp. 650-51. READ

“Saw Czolgosz Sentenced.” Columbia Herald 4 Oct. 1901 v46n39: p. 3. READ

“Say Czolgosz Was Sane.” Salt Lake Herald 3 Nov. 1901 v29n160: p. 1. READ

“Secular News.” Christian Observer 11 Sept. 1901 v89n37: pp. 23-24. READ

“She Lauds Czolgosz for His Act.” World 10 Sept. 1901 v42n14630: p. 3. READ

Stalker, James. “Courage” [chapter 2]. The Seven Cardinal Virtues. New York: American Tract Society, 1902: pp. 24-40. READ

“Statement of Leon F. Czolgosz, Taken at Police Headquarters, 10.30 P. M., September 6, 1901, by Mr. Penney.” Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 64-74. READ

Steep, Thomas W. “Czolgosz’s Last Hours and Death.” Buffalo Courier 29 Oct. 1901 v66n302: pp. 1-2. READ

“Story of the Tragedy of the Death of President McKinley.” Round-About New York. New York: Bloomingdale Brothers, 1902: pp. 244-46. READ

Talbot, Eugene S. “Degeneracy and Political Assassination.” Developmental Pathology. Chicago: [n.p.], 1905: pp. 1-24. READ

“Throws Light on Czolgasz.” Cleveland Plain Dealer 13 Sept. 1901 v60n256: p. 12. READ

“W. C. T. U. Column.” Logan County News 23 Feb. 1912 v9n15: p. [8]. READ

Waite, R. A. “Making Men.” St. Andrew’s Cross Nov.-Dec. 1913 v28n2: pp. 66-69. READ

Webber, A. Bernard. “The Influence of a Bible School.” Stories and Poems for Public Addresses. New York: George H. Doran, 1922: pp. 29-30. READ

“The Week.” Ohio Farmer 12 Sept. 1901 v100n11: p. 187. READ

“The Week.” Public Opinion 12 Sept. 1901 v31n11: p. 323. READ

“The Week.” Public Opinion 7 Nov. 1901 v31n19: p. 581. [excerpt 2 of 2] READ

“What the Black Journals Have Done.” Southern Mercury 20 Feb. 1902 v22n8: p. 9. READ

“William McKinley.” Ohinemuri Gazette 16 Sept. 1901 v10n854: p. [2]. READ

“The Would-Be Assassin.” Iowa State Register 7 Sept. 1901 v46n210: p. 1. READ

[untitled]. Southern Mercury 3 Apr. 1902 v22n14: p. 16. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

Czolgosz, Leon. [untitled]. Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 62-64. READ

“Quarreled with Czolgosz.” Wichita Daily Eagle 12 Sept. 1901 v35n100: p. 1. READ

“The Would-Be Assassin.” Iowa State Register 7 Sept. 1901 v46n210: p. 1. READ

“Was in Canton.” Stark County Democrat 10 Sept. 1901 v67n133: p. 1. READ

“Issued Czolgosz Marriage License.” Times [Richmond] 22 Sept. 1901 v16n195: p. 1. READ

Addams, Jane. “Echoes of the Russian Revolution” [chapter 17]. Twenty Years at Hull-House. New York: Macmillan, 1911: pp. 400-26. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

Czolgosz, Leon. [untitled]. Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 62-64. READ

“‘I Will Kill Any Ruler You Select’ Said Czolgosz.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

“News.” Public 14 Sept. 1901 v4n180: pp. 360-62. READ

“Arch Hall, Cleveland, O., Where Czolgosz Listened to Teachings That Inflamed Him.” Atlanta Constitution 12 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

“Assassin Has No Moral Sense.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Oct. 1901 v54n46: part 2, p. 1. READ

“The Assassin Is Recognized in Cleveland.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 7 Sept. 1901 v54n17: p. 4. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“Citizenisms.” Cleveland Citizen 5 Oct. 1901 v11n37: p. 1. READ

Czolgosz, Leon. [untitled]. Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 62-64. READ

“The Would-Be Assassin.” Iowa State Register 7 Sept. 1901 v46n210: p. 1. READ

“Arrested Before.” Daily Picayune 17 Sept. 1901 v65n236: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Sought Notoriety.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 14 Sept. 1901 v63n83: p. 8. READ

“With His Yells Prison Echoed.” Atlanta Constitution 28 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

“A Clew at Memphis.” Daily Picayune 8 Sept. 1901 v65n227: part 1, p. 9. READ

“Assassin Once of Natrona.” Pittsburg Press 8 Sept. 1901 v18n249: sect. 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Tracked M’Kinley.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 17 Sept. 1901 v63n85: p. 3. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (family background)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial)

“The Conviction of Czolgosz.” Collier’s Weekly 5 Oct. 1901 v28n1: p. 20. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Journal and Herald 19 Sept. 1901 v35n35: p. [4]. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Lancaster Times 19 Sept. 1901 v22n16: p. [3]. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Timely Topics 20 Sept. 1901 v6n3: p. 41. READ

“Czolgosz May Be Tried Next Week.” Buffalo Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901 v28n45: p. [?]. READ

“For the Trial of Czolgosz.” Iowa State Register 15 Sept. 1901 v46n218: p. 3. READ

Kenny, Courtney Stanhope. “Rules of Evidence Peculiar to Criminal Law” [book 3, chapter 26]. Outlines of Criminal Law. 5th ed. rev. Cambridge: University Press, 1913: pp. 381-408. READ

McClure, Alexander K., and Charles Morris. “Czolgosz Pays the Penalty” [chapter 29]. The Authentic Life of William McKinley. Memorial ed. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 448-53. READ

“News of the Week.” Public Opinion 26 Sept. 1901 v31n13: p. 411. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

“The People of the State of New York against Leon F. Czolgosz.” Unpublished trial transcript. 23-24, 26 Sept. 1901. READ

“Quick Work of Law.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 15 Sept. 1901 v63n84: p. 2. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Buffalo, NY)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Auburn, NY)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (removal to Auburn State Prison)

“Broke Down Completely.” Iowa State Register 28 Sept. 1901 v46n229: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz in Death Cell.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Sept. 1901 v60n271: part 1, p. 2. READ

“With His Yells Prison Echoed.” Atlanta Constitution 28 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

[untitled]. Americus Times-Recorder 4 Oct. 1901 v23n24: p. 4. READ

“Arch Hall, Cleveland, O., Where Czolgosz Listened to Teachings That Inflamed Him.” Atlanta Constitution 12 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

“Assassin Czolgosz Says He Loved President McKinley.” St. Louis Republic 12 Sept. 1901 v94n75: p. 4. READ

“Assassin Has No Moral Sense.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Oct. 1901 v54n46: part 2, p. 1. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“Czolgosz Sought Notoriety.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 14 Sept. 1901 v63n83: p. 8. READ

Fowler, Joseph, Floyd S. Crego, and James W. Putnam. “Official Report of the Experts for the People in the Case of the People vs—Leon F. Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 9 Nov. 1901 v8n19: pp. 778-79. READ

“Home of Czolgosz Is In Cleveland.” Cleveland Leader 8 Sept. 1901 v54n251: p. 2. READ

“‘I Am an Anarchist.’” Cleveland Press 7 Sept. 1901 n7243: p. [2]. READ

Lydston, G. Frank. “Anarchy in Its Relations to Crime” [chapter 6]. The Diseases of Society. 4th ed. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1906: pp. 229-302. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

“News.” Public 14 Sept. 1901 v4n180: pp. 360-62. READ

“Pinkerton Cunning.” International Wood Worker Dec. 1901 v10n12: p. 136. READ

“Say Czolgosz Was Sane.” Salt Lake Herald 3 Nov. 1901 v29n160: p. 1. READ

“She Lauds Czolgosz for His Act.” World 10 Sept. 1901 v42n14630: p. 3. READ

“Statement of Leon F. Czolgosz, Taken at Police Headquarters, 10.30 P. M., September 6, 1901, by Mr. Penney.” Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 64-74. READ

Apthorp, Henry. “Industrial Socialism or the Problem of Getting a Living.” Corporations Auxiliary Company Bulletin Oct. 1903 v2n4: pp. 247-85. READ

“Citizenisms.” Cleveland Citizen 5 Oct. 1901 v11n37: p. 1. READ

“‘I Am an Anarchist.’” Cleveland Press 7 Sept. 1901 n7243: p. [2]. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (legal defense)

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“The Criminal, Czolgosz.” Medical News 4 Jan. 1902 v80n1: p. 36. READ

“The Czolgosz Autopsy.” New-York Tribune 3 Dec. 1901 v61n20106: p. 9. READ

“Czolgosz Executed in Auburn Prison.” Afro-American-Ledger 2 Nov. 1901 v10n13: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz’s Body Dissected and Buried in Acid.” Philadelphia Record 30 Oct. 1901 n10832: pp. 1, 3. READ

“Czolgosz’s Bones to Be in Museum.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 13 Oct. 1901 v60n286: part 7, p. 51. READ

“Czolgosz’s Brain Normal.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 2. READ

“Echoes and News.” Medical News 2 Nov. 1901 v79n18: pp. 704-07. READ

Halstead, Murat. “The Author’s Letter: From the Scene of Execution and the Autopsy of the Assassin.” The Illustrious Life of William McKinley, Our Martyred President. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 465-72. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Medical Aspects of the Czolgosz Case.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 40-52. READ

“Items and Notes.” Medical Age 10 Dec. 1901 v19n23: pp. 898-901. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Execution of Czolgosz.” Medical News 9 Nov. 1901 v79n19: pp. 752-53. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

“The Post-Mortem on Czolgosz.” Medical Press and Circular 5 Feb. 1902 v124n6: p. 145. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (disposal of remains)

SEE Leon Czolgosz (gravesite)

SEE McKinley assassination (conspiracy theories)

“Ask Leniency for Czolgosz.” Chicago Daily Tribune 3 Oct. 1901 v60n276: part 2, p. 9. READ

“The Fate of Czolgosz.” News and Courier 3 Oct. 1901: p. 1. READ

“Petition for Czolgosz.” Los Angeles Herald 4 Oct. 1901 v29n3: p. 10. READ

[untitled]. Phillipsburg Herald 2 Apr. 1902 v23n23: p. [3]. READ

“American Notes.” Freedom July 1902 v16n169: pp. 33-34. READ

Twain, Mark. “A Defence of General Funston.” North American Review May 1902 v174n546: pp. 613-24. READ

Aikin, Joseph M. “Paranoia.” Medical Herald July 1908 v27n7: pp. 300-06. READ

Pershing, C. L. “The Importance to the Community of Provision for the Feeble-Minded.” Colorado Medicine Mar. 1921 v18n3: pp. 60-62. READ

“What Moved Czolgosz.” New-York Tribune 9 Sept. 1901 v61n20021: p. 1. READ

Coe, Henry Waldo. “Was Harry Tracey [sic] Insane?” Medical Sentinel Nov. 1902 v10n11: pp. 492-97. READ

“Facts and Opinions.” Weekly Underwriter 3 Feb. 1906 v74n5: pp. 78-84. READ

Ayer, Harriet Hubbard. “Czolgosz a Likely Tool of Stronger Intellects.” World 10 Sept. 1901 v42n14630: p. 3. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (interrogation)

SEE ALSO McKinley assassination (Czolgosz account)

“The Assassin Makes a Full Confession.” New York Times 8 Sept. 1901 v50n16121: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“Confession of the Assassin; His Almost Toy Pistol.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, p. 4. READ

Czolgosz, Leon. [untitled]. Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 62-64. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Czolgosz’s Confederate.” Daily Picayune 8 Sept. 1901 v65n227: part 1, p. 8. READ

“‘Czolgosz’s Confessions’ Manufactured.” Buffalo Evening News 9 Sept. 1901 v42n128: p. [7?]. READ

Fowler, Joseph, Floyd S. Crego, and James W. Putnam. “Official Report of the Experts for the People in the Case of the People vs—Leon F. Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 9 Nov. 1901 v8n19: pp. 778-79. READ

“Investigation Activities of the Department of Justice.” Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919. READ

“Leon Czolgosz, Alias Nieman.” News and Courier 7 Sept. 1901: p. 2. READ

“Leon F. Czolgosz, Cowardly Assassin, Makes Statement.” Buffalo Evening News 7 Sept. 1901 v42n127: p. 9. READ

McClure, Alexander K., and Charles Morris. “The Assassin and the Anarchists” [chapter 28]. The Authentic Life of William McKinley. Memorial ed. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 438-47. READ

“Statement by Assassin.” Iowa State Register 8 Sept. 1901 v46n211: pp. 1, 3. READ

“Statement of Leon F. Czolgosz, Taken at Police Headquarters, 10.30 P. M., September 6, 1901, by Mr. Penney.” Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 64-74. READ

“Burns Out Buffalo Police.” New York Times 2 Nov. 1907 v57n18179: p. 1. READ

SEE ALSO Emma Goldman (impact on Czolgosz)

[untitled]. Albuquerque Daily Citizen 25 Sept. 1901 v15n263: p. [2]. READ

Baginski, Max. “Leon Czolgosz.” Mother Earth Oct. 1906 v1n8: pp. 4-9. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“Code of Instructions to Czolgosz.” Iowa State Register 12 Sept. 1901 v46n215: p. 1. READ

“Connected with Chicago Anarchists.” Iowa State Register 7 Sept. 1901 v46n210: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Emma Goldman Arrested.” Albuquerque Daily Citizen 10 Sept. 1901 v15n251: p. 1. READ

“Ex-Chief Drummond on Anarchy.” Dickerman’s United States Treasury Counterfeit Detector Nov. 1901 v18n11: pp. 8-9. READ

Fowler, Joseph, Floyd S. Crego, and James W. Putnam. “Official Report of the Experts for the People in the Case of the People vs—Leon F. Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 9 Nov. 1901 v8n19: pp. 778-79. READ

Goldman, Emma. “In Justice to Leon Szolgosz” [sic]. Mother Earth Oct. 1909 v4n8: pp. 239-41. READ

“‘I Will Kill Any Ruler You Select’ Said Czolgosz.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

“Investigation Activities of the Department of Justice.” Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919. READ

“News.” Public 14 Sept. 1901 v4n180: pp. 360-62. READ

“Plot to Murder the President.” Tyler Journal 26 Apr. 1907 v25n48: p. 6. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (connection with anarchists)

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Home of Czolgosz Is In Cleveland.” Cleveland Leader 8 Sept. 1901 v54n251: p. 2. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (execution)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: poetry)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (poetry)

Allstorm, Oliver. “Leon F. Czolgosz.” Chords from a Strange Lyre. Chicago: Sims, Wilson and Sims, 1902: pp. 121-24. READ

“Czolgosz’s Death Warrant.” Buffalo Review 27 Sept. 1901 v19n96: p. 6. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (legal defense)

SEE Leon Czolgosz (mental health)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (funeral arrangements)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (gravesite)

[untitled]. Chieftain 12 Oct. 1901 v19n39: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Hawaiian Gazette 12 Nov. 1901 v36n99: p. 8. READ

[untitled]. Star [Christchurch] 5 Oct. 1901 n7221: p. 4. READ

“Ask Leniency for Czolgosz.” Chicago Daily Tribune 3 Oct. 1901 v60n276: part 2, p. 9. READ

“Assassin’s Body Destroyed.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Executed in Auburn Prison.” Afro-American-Ledger 2 Nov. 1901 v10n13: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz Fearless of Death.” Pittsburg Press 28 Oct. 1901 v18n299: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz, President’s Assassin,—Refusing Spiritual Consolation—Executed in the Auburn Prison.” National Police Gazette 16 Nov. 1901 v79n1265: p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz’s Body Dissected and Buried in Acid.” Philadelphia Record 30 Oct. 1901 n10832: pp. 1, 3. READ

“Czolgosz’s Bones to Be in Museum.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 13 Oct. 1901 v60n286: part 7, p. 51. READ

“Destroyed by Acid.” Phillipsburg Herald 2 Nov. 1901 v23n1: p. 1. READ

“The Fate of Czolgosz.” News and Courier 3 Oct. 1901: p. 1. READ

Graham, George Edward. “A Nation Is Avenged.” Auburn Weekly Bulletin 29 Oct. 1901 v20n87: p. 1. READ

Quip. “Czolgosz.” New Zealand Tablet 17 Oct. 1901 v29n42: p. 18. READ

Steep, Thomas W. “Czolgosz’s Last Hours and Death.” Buffalo Courier 29 Oct. 1901 v66n302: pp. 1-2. READ

“Would Bury Czolgosz in the Deep Sea.” Buffalo Evening News 3 Oct. 1901 v42n147: p. 9. READ

SEE Czolgosz physicians

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (illustrations)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (photographs)

Lovey, Alan Lister. “The Soul of the Anarchist.” Salt Lake Herald 29 Sept. 1901 v29n127: p. 1. READ

Richards, F. T. “‘Was It a Handkerchief?’” Life 3 Oct. 1901 v38n987: p. 266. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (family background)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (autopsy)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (disposal of remains)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: eyewitness accounts)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Auburn, NY)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (post-execution matters)

[untitled]. Boone County Recorder 30 Oct. 1901 v27n2: p. 1. READ

[untitled]. Cœur d’Alene Press 2 Nov. 1901 v10n39: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Daily Public Ledger 13 Sept. 1901: p. 2. READ

“Barbed Wire.” Conservative 21 Nov. 1901 v4n20: pp. 6-7. READ

“Czolgosz Executed in Auburn Prison.” Afro-American-Ledger 2 Nov. 1901 v10n13: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz Pays the Final Penalty.” Lancaster Times 31 Oct. 1901 v22n22: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz, President’s Assassin,—Refusing Spiritual Consolation—Executed in the Auburn Prison.” National Police Gazette 16 Nov. 1901 v79n1265: p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz to Die at 7 Tomorrow.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Oct. 1901 v60n301: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s Body Dissected and Buried in Acid.” Philadelphia Record 30 Oct. 1901 n10832: pp. 1, 3. READ

“Electrician Describes Execution.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 1. READ

“The Execution of an Assassin.” Outlook 9 Nov. 1901 v69n10: pp. 613-14. READ

“Execution of Czolgosz.” New York Observer 31 Oct. 1901 v79n44: p. 572. READ

Galleani, Luigi. “29 Ottobre 1901.” Cronaca Sovversiva 2 Nov. 1907 v5n44: p. 1. READ

Graham, George Edward. “A Nation Is Avenged.” Auburn Weekly Bulletin 29 Oct. 1901 v20n87: p. 1. READ

“Has Paid the Pennlty” [sic]. Tri-County Chronicle 1 Nov. 1901 v3n24: p. [4]. READ

“His End Near.” Missouri Valley Times 31 Oct. 1901 v34n19: p. [9]. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Medical Aspects of the Czolgosz Case.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 40-52. READ

“An Impressive Scene.” Madison County Times 1 Nov. 1901 v32n14: p. [3]. READ

“International Notes.” Freedom Nov. 1901 v15n162: pp. 62-63. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Execution of Czolgosz.” Medical News 9 Nov. 1901 v79n19: pp. 752-53. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

Moorhead, John J. “Injury by Electricity.” Medical and Surgical Report of Bellevue and Allied Hospitals in the City of New York. Ed. Van Horne Norrie, John A. Hartwell, A. Alexander Smith, and Charles E. Nammack. Vol. 4. [n.p.]: [n.p.], [1910?]: pp. 379-87. READ

Skinner, Charles R. “Story of McKinley’s Assassination.” State Service Apr. 1919 v3n4: pp. 20-24. READ

Steep, Thomas W. “Czolgosz’s Last Hours and Death.” Buffalo Courier 29 Oct. 1901 v66n302: pp. 1-2. READ

Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred. “King Humbert—Bresci—President McKinley—Czolgosz (1898-1901)” [chapter 10]. The Anarchists: Their Faith and Their Record. London: Lane, 1911: pp. 240-59. READ

“The Week.” Public Opinion 7 Nov. 1901 v31n19: p. 581. [excerpt 2 of 2] READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution)

Halstead, Murat. “The Author’s Letter: From the Scene of Execution and the Autopsy of the Assassin.” The Illustrious Life of William McKinley, Our Martyred President. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 465-72. READ

“Humane, Decent, Orderly.” Auburn Weekly Bulletin 1 Nov. 1901 v20n88: p. 5. READ

Skinner, Charles R. “Story of McKinley’s Assassination.” State Service Apr. 1919 v3n4: pp. 20-24. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (fictionalization)

Babcock, Bernie. “Death to the Cat’s-Paw” [chapter 10]. With Claw and Fang. Indianapolis: Clean Politics Publishing, 1911: pp. 101-12. READ

“The Last Guest.” Socialist Spirit Nov. 1901 v1n3: pp. 13-14. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: international response)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: personal response)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: public response)

“Destroyed by Acid.” Phillipsburg Herald 2 Nov. 1901 v23n1: p. 1. READ

Dye, Charity. “Ethics in the High School.” School Review Apr. 1902 v10n4: pp. 270-85. READ

“Fear Czolgosz’s Spirit.” Minneapolis Journal 18 Oct. 1901: p. 16. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: government response)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: personal response)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: public response)

[untitled]. St. John Daily Sun 29 Oct. 1901 v24n259: p. 4. READ

“Country Notes.” Country Life 2 Nov. 1901 v10n252: pp. 547-49. READ

“The Dilemma of Authority.” Freedom Oct. 1901 v15n161: pp. 59-60. READ

“London’s Comment.” Auburn Weekly Bulletin 1 Nov. 1901 v20n88: p. 5. READ

Shaw, Bernard. “Maxims for Revolutionists.” Man and Superman: A Comedy and a Philosophy. New York: Brentano’s, 1922: pp. 227-44. READ

Synge, John M. “Part IV.” The Works of John M. Synge. Vol. 3. Boston: John W. Luce, 1912: pp. 184-234. READ

Skinner, Charles R. “Story of McKinley’s Assassination.” State Service Apr. 1919 v3n4: pp. 20-24. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: eyewitness accounts)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: government response)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: international response)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: public response)

[untitled]. Bismarck Daily Tribune 4 Nov. 1901 v21: p. 2. READ

[untitled]. Camas Prairie Chronicle 1 Nov. 1901 v9n42: p. [4]. READ

[untitled]. Chicago Daily Tribune 30 Oct. 1901 v60n302: part 2, p. 12. READ

[untitled]. Chieftain 2 Nov. 1901 v19n42: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Clarksburg Telegram 1 Nov. 1901 v40n52: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Cody Enterprise 31 Oct. 1901 v3n10: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Cœur d’Alene Press 2 Nov. 1901 v10n39: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Collier’s Weekly 9 Nov. 1901 v28n6: p. 3. READ

[untitled]. Freeman 2 Nov. 1901 v14n44: p. [4]. READ

[untitled]. Freeman 2 Nov. 1901 v14n44: p. [4]. READ

[untitled]. Houston Daily Post 25 Oct. 1901 v17n204: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Houston Daily Post 31 Oct. 1901 v17n210: p. 6. READ

[untitled]. Laramie Republican 30 Oct. 1901 v12n68: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Red Cloud Chief 4 Oct. 1901 v29n40: p. [4]. READ

[untitled]. Waycross Weekly Herald 2 Nov. 1901 v22n25: p. [4]. READ

[untitled]. Western New-Yorker 31 Oct. 1901 v61n44: p. [4]. READ

“As Czolgosz Died.” Buffalo Evening News 29 Oct. 1901 v43n16: p. 2. READ

Becker, Tracy C., and Charles Anderson Boston. “Mental Unsoundness in Its Legal Relations.” Medical Jurisprudence, Forensic Medicine, and Toxicology. By R. A. Witthaus and Tracy C. Becker. 2nd ed. Vol. 3. New York: William Wood, 1909: pp. 347-576. READ

“The Czolgosz Family.” Burlington Free Press 31 Oct. 1901 v76n18: p. 2. READ

“The Death Penalty.” Conservative 7 Nov. 1901 v4n18: p. 2. READ

“The End of Czolgosz.” Iowa State Register 30 Oct. 1901 v46n255: p. 4. READ

“The End of the Anarchist.” Sun 30 Oct. 1901 v69n60: p. 6. READ

“Executed Lincoln’s Murderers.” San Juan County Index 8 Nov. 1901 v12n41: p. [3]. READ

Goldman, Emma. “October Twenty-Ninth, 1901.” Mother Earth Oct. 1911 v6n8: pp. 232-35. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Medical Aspects of the Czolgosz Case.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 40-52. READ

“In General and Particular.” Iowa State Register 1 Nov. 1901 v46n256: p. 4. READ

Lewis, J. M. “Tampering with Trifles.” Houston Daily Post 1 Nov. 1901 v17n211: p. 4. READ

Lydston, G. Frank. “‘The Diseases of Society.’—Letter from the Author.” Buffalo Medical Journal Oct. 1905 v61n3: pp. 185-88. READ

Marshall, Ewing. “Emotional or Impulsive Insanity.” American Practitioner and News 15 Dec. 1901 v32n12: pp. 441-45. READ

“The Miserable Assassin.” Chicago Daily Tribune 30 Oct. 1901 v60n302: part 2, p. 12. READ

“Parent Hears the News.” Afro-American-Ledger 2 Nov. 1901 v10n13: p. [2]. READ

Thorleif. “First Sunday: The Lovers of My Soul.” Sunday Labor. Mount Morris: Kable Brothers, 1906: pp. 11-31. READ

“What the Black Journals Have Done.” Southern Mercury 20 Feb. 1902 v22n8: p. 9. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (death: poetry)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (poetry)

Allstorm, Oliver. “Leon F. Czolgosz.” Chords from a Strange Lyre. Chicago: Sims, Wilson and Sims, 1902: pp. 121-24. READ

Hair, Dell. “Retribution.” Echoes from the Beat. Vol. 3. Toledo: Newell B. Newton, 1908: p. 128. READ

“The Saunterer.” Aurora Daily Express 25 Sept. 1901 v20n5765: p. 1. READ

Sellingham, E. J. H. “The Execution of Czolgosh” [sic]. Ticonderoga Sentinel 7 Nov. 1901 v29n43: p. 8. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: reenactments)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (popular culture)

[advertisement]. Warren Sheaf 28 Aug. 1902 v22n39: p. [5]. READ

[notice]. Roanoke Beacon 3 Apr. 1903 v14n3: p. [5]. READ

[untitled]. Manning Times 16 Apr. 1902 v16n37: p. [3]. READ

[untitled]. Poverty Bay Herald 24 Dec. 1901 v28n9334: p. 1. READ

“Antwerp.” Watertown Re-Union 29 Jan. 1902: p. [?]. READ

“The Carnival and Street Fair.” Jennings Daily Record 11 Mar. 1902 v3n60: p. 1. READ

“Electrocution of Czolgosz.” Deseret Evening News 30 Apr. 1902 v52n139: p. 8. READ

“Some of the Attractions for Our Street Fair.” New Enterprise 7 Nov. 1901 v1n10: p. 1. READ

[untitled]. Buffalo Courier 2 Oct. 1901 v66n275: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Houston Daily Post 19 Sept. 1901 v17n168: p. 6. READ

“Fear Czolgosz’s Spirit.” Minneapolis Journal 18 Oct. 1901: p. 16. READ

S., Mrs. “A Woman Sentences Czolgosz.” World 18 Sept. 1901 v42n14638: p. 6. READ

“The Chamber.” Duluth Evening Herald 29 Oct. 1901 v19: p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz Fearless of Death.” Pittsburg Press 28 Oct. 1901 v18n299: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Sits in Sullen Silence.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 28 Oct. 1901 v54n68: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz to Die at 7 Tomorrow.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Oct. 1901 v60n301: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Execution of Czolgosz.” New York Times 25 Oct. 1901 v51n16162: p. 3. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: government response)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: international response)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: personal response)

[untitled]. Lincoln County Record 1 Nov. 1901 v52n20: p. [4]. READ

[untitled]. Phillipsburg Herald 2 Apr. 1902 v23n23: p. [3]. READ

“Ask Leniency for Czolgosz.” Chicago Daily Tribune 3 Oct. 1901 v60n276: part 2, p. 9. READ

“Czolgosz Defenders Held.” Ogdensburg Journal 30 Oct. 1906: p. 1. READ

“Executioner Is Missing.” Pittsburg Press 21 Apr. 1902 v19n110: p. 2. READ

“The Fate of Czolgosz.” News and Courier 3 Oct. 1901: p. 1. READ

“Fear Czolgosz’s Spirit.” Minneapolis Journal 18 Oct. 1901: p. 16. READ

“The Man Who Executed Czolgosz.” Mt. Sterling Advocate 29 Apr. 1902 v12n41: p. [2]. READ

“Says Anarchists Intend to Kill 100 Women for Revenge.” Chicago Daily Tribune 19 Oct. 1901 v60n292: part 1, p. 2. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: popular culture)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (popular culture)

[advertisement]. New York Times 3 Nov. 1901 v51n16169: p. 17. READ

[untitled]. National Police Gazette 7 Dec. 1901 v79n1268: p. 2. READ

Dye, Charity. “Ethics in the High School.” School Review Apr. 1902 v10n4: pp. 270-85. READ

“Destroyed by Acid.” Phillipsburg Herald 2 Nov. 1901 v23n1: p. 1. READ

“Executioner Is Missing.” Pittsburg Press 21 Apr. 1902 v19n110: p. 2. READ

“The Man Who Executed Czolgosz.” Mt. Sterling Advocate 29 Apr. 1902 v12n41: p. [2]. READ

“Says Anarchists Intend to Kill 100 Women for Revenge.” Chicago Daily Tribune 19 Oct. 1901 v60n292: part 1, p. 2. READ

“To Blow Up the Prison.” Sunday Herald 8 Dec. 1901 v22n1122: p. [21?]. READ

“Applications to Witness the Execution.” Daily Picayune 21 Sept. 1901 v65n240: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Awaits Execution.” Afro-American-Ledger 19 Oct. 1901 v10n11: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz Sees a Priest, but He Refuses to Repent.” Chicago Daily Tribune 23 Oct. 1901 v60n296: part 2, p. 9. READ

“Many Flowers for Czolgosz.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 15 Oct. 1901 v54n55: p. 1. READ

Skinner, Charles R. “Story of McKinley’s Assassination.” State Service Apr. 1919 v3n4: pp. 20-24. READ

Steep, Thomas W. “Czolgosz’s Last Hours and Death.” Buffalo Courier 29 Oct. 1901 v66n302: pp. 1-2. READ

“Will Not See Czolgosz Die.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 20 Oct. 1901 v60n293: part 1, p. 2. READ

SEE ALSO Czolgosz family

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“Czolgosz Family Hails from Posen.” Buffalo Evening News 13 Sept. 1901 v42n132: p. [?]. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Czolgosz’s Antecedents.” Iowa State Register 13 Sept. 1901 v46n216: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz’s Early Career.” Daily Picayune 11 Sept. 1901 v65n230: part 1, p. 2. READ

“He Is a Pole, and the Law-Abiding Poles Deplore It.” Daily Picayune 13 Sept. 1901 v65n232: part 1, p. 7. READ

“Nationality of Czolgosz Again.” Literary Digest 19 Oct. 1901 v23n16: pp. 459-60. READ

“The Nations and the Anarchist.” Literary Digest 12 Oct. 1901 v23n15: pp. 443-44. READ

“Parents Are Russian Poles.” Daily Picayune 12 Sept. 1901 v65n231: part 1, p. 2. READ

“The Province of Posen Was the Home of the Family of Czolgosz.” Daily Picayune 13 Sept. 1901 v65n232: part 1, p. 7. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: fictional accounts)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (posthumous communications)

SEE ALSO McKinley assassination (fictional accounts)

Babcock, Bernie. “Death to the Cat’s-Paw” [chapter 10]. With Claw and Fang. Indianapolis: Clean Politics Publishing, 1911: pp. 101-12. READ

Babcock, Bernie. “Victory of Anti-Christ” [chapter 9]. With Claw and Fang. Indianapolis: Clean Politics Publishing, 1911: pp. 89-100. READ

“Czolgosz Heard From.” Davis Weekly News 14 Nov. 1901 v8n16: p. 1. READ

Shollenbarger, Benton. “Oklahoma Fish Story.” Garfield County Democrat 18 June 1903 v6n28: p. [4]. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (last words)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (accomplices, self-confessed)

“Akron Man.” Akron Daily Democrat 1 Nov. 1901 v10n167: p. 5. READ

“The Assassin Is Recognized in Cleveland.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 7 Sept. 1901 v54n17: p. 4. READ

“The Assassin Makes a Full Confession.” New York Times 8 Sept. 1901 v50n16121: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Assassin Once of Natrona.” Pittsburg Press 8 Sept. 1901 v18n249: sect. 1, p. 2. READ

“Born in Michigan, City of Alpena.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“Citizenisms.” Cleveland Citizen 5 Oct. 1901 v11n37: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Czolgosz’s Boyhood.” Daily Picayune 11 Sept. 1901 v65n230: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s Early Career.” Daily Picayune 11 Sept. 1901 v65n230: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Edmund Wolczyski Gives Himself Up.” San Francisco Call 12 Sept. 1901 v90n104: p. 2. READ

“From Neighboring States.” Professional World 8 Nov. 1901 v1n2: p. [2]. READ

“Home of Czolgosz Is In Cleveland.” Cleveland Leader 8 Sept. 1901 v54n251: p. 2. READ

“‘I Am an Anarchist.’” Cleveland Press 7 Sept. 1901 n7243: p. [2]. READ

Waite, R. A. “Making Men.” St. Andrew’s Cross Nov.-Dec. 1913 v28n2: pp. 66-69. READ

Webber, A. Bernard. “The Influence of a Bible School.” Stories and Poems for Public Addresses. New York: George H. Doran, 1922: pp. 29-30. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (disposal of remains)

“Czolgosz’s Father Mourns.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 27 Oct. 1901 v54n67: part 2, p. 2. READ

“Disposal of Czolgosz’s Body.” New York Times 27 Oct. 1901 v51n16163: part 1, p. 5. READ

“Plans a Shaft for Czolgosz.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 27 Oct. 1901 v60n300: part 1, p. 1. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (indictment)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial)

“Assassin Czolgosz Kept in Ignorance.” Atlanta Constitution 16 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 1. READ

“The Case against Czolgosz.” New York Times 11 Sept. 1901 v50n16124: p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Case Now before the Grand Jury.” Buffalo Evening News 16 Sept. 1901 v42n134: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Grand Jury Complimented.” Buffalo Courier 2 Oct. 1901 v66n275: p. 8. READ

“Czolgosz May Be Tried Next Week.” Buffalo Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901 v28n45: p. [?]. READ

“Roosevelt Leaves with Confidence.” San Francisco Call 11 Sept. 1901 v90n103: p. 9. READ

“Czolgosz May Be Tried Next Week.” Buffalo Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901 v28n45: p. [?]. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (disposal of remains)

“Czolgosz’s Grave.” Tioga County Record 25 Sept. 1902 v32n29: p. [3?]. READ

“Grave of Czolgosz.” Sunday Herald 14 Sept. 1902 v23n1162: p. 21. READ

“Local and County.” Cohocton Index 24 Sept. 1902 v11n18: p. [3?]. READ

SEE McKinley assassination (murder weapon)

“Handcuffs Worn by Czolgosz Now in Malone.” Commercial Advertiser 11 Feb. 1913 v40n47: p. [8]. READ

SEE Czolgosz residence

[untitled]. Waycross Weekly Herald 28 Sept. 1901 v22n20: p. [7]. READ

“Burned in Effigy.” Cleveland Leader 15 Sept. 1901 v54n258: p. 15. READ

“Czolgosz Hanged in Effigy.” New York Times 30 Oct. 1901 v51n16166: p. 5. READ

“Effigy of Assassin Czolgosz Burned by Chicago Newsboys.” Milwaukee Journal 17 Sept. 1901 v19: p. 2. READ

“Hanged in Effigy.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 17 Sept. 1901 v63n85: p. 2. READ

“Hanged in Effigy.” Milwaukee Journal 17 Sept. 1901 v19: p. 2. READ

“Resume of the News.” Turner County Herald 7 Nov. 1901 v19n29: p. [2]. READ

SEE McKinley assassination (hypnotism theory)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (editorial cartoons)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (photographs)

[illustration]. World 7 Sept. 1901 v42n14627: p. 3. READ

Armes, Ethel. “Haydon Jones, Newspaper Artist.” National Magazine May 1906 v24n2: pp. 144-54. READ

“Attempted Assassin of the President and the Woman Who Inspired Him.” Times [Richmond] 9 Sept. 1901 v16n183: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz in His Prison Cell.” Deseret Evening News 28 Sept. 1901 v52n267: part 3, p. 17. READ

“Czolgosz, the Anarchist.” World 8 Sept. 1901 v42n14628: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz, the Assassin.” Columbian 12 Sept. 1901 v36n37: p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s Characteristic Smile.” Deseret Evening News 28 Sept. 1901 v52n267: part 3, p. 17. READ

“Leon Czolgosz, Assassin.” Bourbon News 13 Sept. 1901 v21n65: p. [2]. READ

“Leon Czolgosz, the Assassin.” Richmond Dispatch 10 Sept. 1901 n15722: p. 1. READ

“Leon Czolgosz, the Man Who Shot the President.” Milwaukee Sentinel 10 Sept. 1901 n23685: p. 1. READ

Lovey, Alan Lister. “Leon Czolgosz.” Salt Lake Herald 16 Sept. 1901 v29n114: p. 2. READ

“Profile View of the Assassin.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 14 Sept. 1901 v63n83: p. 8. READ

“Three Presidents Who Have Fallen Victims to Assassins’ Bullets.” The Illustrious Life of William McKinley, Our Martyred President. By Murat Halstead. Prospectus. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: [unnumbered plate]. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Auburn, NY)

SEE Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Buffalo, NY)

[untitled]. Houston Daily Post 25 Oct. 1901 v17n204: p. 4. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (arrival at Auburn State Prison)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (removal to Auburn State Prison)

[untitled]. Americus Times-Recorder 4 Oct. 1901 v23n24: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Red Cloud Chief 4 Oct. 1901 v29n40: p. [4]. READ

“Assassin Has No Moral Sense.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Oct. 1901 v54n46: part 2, p. 1. READ

“Auburn Prison.” Star [Reynoldsville] 8 June 1904 v13n5: p. [5]. READ

“Broke Down Completely.” Iowa State Register 28 Sept. 1901 v46n229: p. 1. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“Czolgosz Awaits Execution.” Afro-American-Ledger 19 Oct. 1901 v10n11: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz Executed in Auburn Prison.” Afro-American-Ledger 2 Nov. 1901 v10n13: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz Fearless of Death.” Pittsburg Press 28 Oct. 1901 v18n299: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz in Death Cell.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Sept. 1901 v60n271: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Is Feeling Well.” Buffalo Courier 15 Oct. 1901 v66n288: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz, President’s Assassin,—Refusing Spiritual Consolation—Executed in the Auburn Prison.” National Police Gazette 16 Nov. 1901 v79n1265: p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz Recovers His Nerve.” Chicago Daily Tribune 1 Oct. 1901 v60n274: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Sits in Sullen Silence.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 28 Oct. 1901 v54n68: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz to Die at 7 Tomorrow.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Oct. 1901 v60n301: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Will Die a Sane Man.” Post Express 12 Oct. 1901 v43n107: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz’s Body Dissected and Buried in Acid.” Philadelphia Record 30 Oct. 1901 n10832: pp. 1, 3. READ

“First Day of His Last Week.” News and Courier 1 Oct. 1901: p. 2. READ

Graham, George Edward. “A Nation Is Avenged.” Auburn Weekly Bulletin 29 Oct. 1901 v20n87: p. 1. READ

“Has Paid the Pennlty” [sic]. Tri-County Chronicle 1 Nov. 1901 v3n24: p. [4]. READ

“In General and Particular.” Iowa State Register 8 Oct. 1901 v46n237: p. 4. READ

“In the Shadow of Death, to Superintendent Collins, the Assassin Talked.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 2. READ

Skinner, Charles R. “Story of McKinley’s Assassination.” State Service Apr. 1919 v3n4: pp. 20-24. READ

Steep, Thomas W. “Czolgosz’s Last Hours and Death.” Buffalo Courier 29 Oct. 1901 v66n302: pp. 1-2. READ

“With His Yells Prison Echoed.” Atlanta Constitution 28 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz Awaits Execution.” Afro-American-Ledger 19 Oct. 1901 v10n11: p. [2]. READ

“Many Flowers for Czolgosz.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 15 Oct. 1901 v54n55: p. 1. READ

“Misdirected Sympathy.” Hawaiian Star 22 Oct. 1901 v8n2996: p. 4. READ

“Czolgosz Sees a Priest, but He Refuses to Repent.” Chicago Daily Tribune 23 Oct. 1901 v60n296: part 2, p. 9. READ

“Czolgosz Taken into the Church.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 26 Oct. 1901 v54n66: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz to Die at 7 Tomorrow.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Oct. 1901 v60n301: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Destroyed by Acid.” Phillipsburg Herald 2 Nov. 1901 v23n1: p. 1. READ

“Plans a Shaft for Czolgosz.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 27 Oct. 1901 v60n300: part 1, p. 1. READ

Steep, Thomas W. “Czolgosz’s Last Hours and Death.” Buffalo Courier 29 Oct. 1901 v66n302: pp. 1-2. READ

Armes, Ethel. “Haydon Jones, Newspaper Artist.” National Magazine May 1906 v24n2: pp. 144-54. READ

“As Others See Us: Comments of the Press Concerning the Recent Editorial Convention.” Denison Review 1 Oct. 1901 v36n67: p. [3]. READ

“Assassin Closely Guarded.” Iowa State Register 8 Sept. 1901 v46n211: p. 3. READ

“Assassin Czolgosz Says He Loved President McKinley.” St. Louis Republic 12 Sept. 1901 v94n75: p. 4. READ

“The Assassin Makes a Full Confession.” New York Times 8 Sept. 1901 v50n16121: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Assassin Still Confined in the Police Dungeon.” Buffalo Evening News 14 Sept. 1901 v42n133: p. [?]. READ

Bull, William S. “Police Superintendent’s Report.” Annual Report of the Board of Police of the City of Buffalo. Buffalo: Wenborne-Sumner, 1902: pp. 7-48. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

[Czolgosz Bertillon Card]. Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society Archives, A90-4. 1901. READ

“Czolgosz Is Being Fed Well by Police.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz Is Rapidly Breaking Down and Appears to Be a Physical and Mental Wreck—Refuses to Talk.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz Is Sane, and He Shows No Signs of Breaking Down.” Daily Picayune 13 Sept. 1901 v65n232: part 1, p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz Says He Had No Aid.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 8 Sept. 1901 v60n251: part 1, pp. 1, 4. READ

“Czolgosz to Be Protected.” Brooklyn Daily Eagle 13 Sept. 1901 v61n254: p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s Confederate.” Daily Picayune 8 Sept. 1901 v65n227: part 1, p. 8. READ

“For the Trial of Czolgosz.” Iowa State Register 15 Sept. 1901 v46n218: p. 3. READ

“The Prosecution.” Youngstown Vindicator 11 Sept. 1901 v13n9: pp. 1, 6. READ

“Sticks to His First Story.” Iowa State Register 10 Sept. 1901 v46n213: p. 1. READ

“Where the Pistol Was Bought.” News and Courier 9 Sept. 1901: p. 1. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Buffalo, NY: photographs)

“Guarding the Prisoner at the Buffalo Police Headquarters.” World 8 Sept. 1901 v42n14628: p. 4. READ

“Suggestions on Fate of Czolgosz.” Buffalo Enquirer 9 Sept. 1901 v58n36: p. 12. READ

Z., T. “No Luxuries for Czolgosz.” Buffalo Evening Times 9 Sept. 1901 v35n155: p. 2. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Buffalo, NY: illustrations)

“A Wild Beast Caged—the Murderer of President McKinley in Prison—He Shows Traces of Rough Usage.” Black and White Budget 28 Sept. 1901 v6n103: p. 1. READ

“Attempt to Poison Czolgosz.” Buffalo Enquirer 10 Sept. 1901 v58n37: p. 6. READ

“News and Views.” Black and White Budget 19 Oct. 1901 v6n106: pp. 98-101. READ

“Queer Mail for Police.” Buffalo Morning Express 13 Sept. 1901 v56n208: p. 2. READ

“Suggestions on Fate of Czolgosz.” Buffalo Enquirer 9 Sept. 1901 v58n36: p. 12. READ

Bull, William S. “Police Superintendent’s Report.” Annual Report of the Board of Police of the City of Buffalo. Buffalo: Wenborne-Sumner, 1902: pp. 7-48. READ

“Whereabouts of Czolgocz” [sic]. Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901: p. 5. READ

“As Others See Us: Comments of the Press Concerning the Recent Editorial Convention.” Denison Review 1 Oct. 1901 v36n67: p. [3]. READ

“Assassin Czolgosz Says He Loved President McKinley.” St. Louis Republic 12 Sept. 1901 v94n75: p. 4. READ

“Czolgosz Is Rapidly Breaking Down and Appears to Be a Physical and Mental Wreck—Refuses to Talk.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 3. READ

“Kiss Assassin for Last Time.” Atlanta Constitution 26 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 2. READ

“To Buffalo under Watchful Eyes.” Cleveland Plain Dealer 24 Sept. 1901 v60n267: pp. 1, 3. READ

Babcock, Bernie. “Death to the Cat’s-Paw” [chapter 10]. With Claw and Fang. Indianapolis: Clean Politics Publishing, 1911: pp. 101-12. READ

“Czolgosz in His Prison Cell.” Deseret Evening News 28 Sept. 1901 v52n267: part 3, p. 17. READ

Babcock, Bernie. “Death to the Cat’s-Paw” [chapter 10]. With Claw and Fang. Indianapolis: Clean Politics Publishing, 1911: pp. 101-12. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (grand jury)

“Assassin Czolgosz Kept in Ignorance.” Atlanta Constitution 16 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Journal and Herald 19 Sept. 1901 v35n35: p. [4]. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Lancaster Times 19 Sept. 1901 v22n16: p. [3]. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Timely Topics 20 Sept. 1901 v6n3: p. 41. READ

“For the Trial of Czolgosz.” Iowa State Register 15 Sept. 1901 v46n218: p. 3. READ

McClure, Alexander K., and Charles Morris. “Czolgosz Pays the Penalty” [chapter 29]. The Authentic Life of William McKinley. Memorial ed. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 448-53. READ

“Quick Work of Law.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 15 Sept. 1901 v63n84: p. 2. READ

“Summary of Events.” Friend 28 Sept. 1901 v75n11: p. 88. READ

“Legal Rights of Leon Czolgosz.” Baltimore American 23 Sept. 1901 v191n34821: p. 3. READ

“Text of the Indictment against Leon Czolgosz.” Buffalo Review 17 Sept. 1901 v19n87: p. 6. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (mental health)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (confession)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (psychiatric examination)

SEE ALSO McKinley assassination (Czolgosz account)

“Alderman Okershauser Would Chloroform Czolgosz to Get His Confession.” Milwaukee Journal 17 Sept. 1901 v19: p. 1. READ

“The Assassin Makes a Full Confession.” New York Times 8 Sept. 1901 v50n16121: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Assassin’s Father to Aid.” Afro-American-Ledger 21 Sept. 1901 v10n7: p. [7]. READ

“Czolgosz Insists That He Alone Is Responsible.” Buffalo Evening News 9 Sept. 1901 v42n128: p. [7?]. READ

“Czolgosz, President’s Assassin,—Refusing Spiritual Consolation—Executed in the Auburn Prison.” National Police Gazette 16 Nov. 1901 v79n1265: p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz Will Not Talk.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 20 Sept. 1901 v63n88: p. 2. READ

“In the Shadow of Death, to Superintendent Collins, the Assassin Talked.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 2. READ

“Statement of Leon F. Czolgosz, Taken at Police Headquarters, 10.30 P. M., September 6, 1901, by Mr. Penney.” Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 64-74. READ

“Sticks to His First Story.” Iowa State Register 10 Sept. 1901 v46n213: p. 1. READ

“Statement of Leon F. Czolgosz, Taken at Police Headquarters, 10.30 P. M., September 6, 1901, by Mr. Penney.” Senate Documents. Vol. 12. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1919: pp. 64-74. READ

[untitled]. Laramie Republican 30 Oct. 1901 v12n68: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz Executed in Auburn Prison.” Afro-American-Ledger 2 Nov. 1901 v10n13: p. [2]. READ

“Czolgosz, President’s Assassin,—Refusing Spiritual Consolation—Executed in the Auburn Prison.” National Police Gazette 16 Nov. 1901 v79n1265: p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz’s Body Dissected and Buried in Acid.” Philadelphia Record 30 Oct. 1901 n10832: pp. 1, 3. READ

“The End of Czolgosz.” Iowa State Register 30 Oct. 1901 v46n255: p. 4. READ

“The Execution of an Assassin.” Outlook 9 Nov. 1901 v69n10: pp. 613-14. READ

Galleani, Luigi. “29 Ottobre 1901.” Cronaca Sovversiva 2 Nov. 1907 v5n44: p. 1. READ

Graham, George Edward. “A Nation Is Avenged.” Auburn Weekly Bulletin 29 Oct. 1901 v20n87: p. 1. READ

Halstead, Murat. “The Author’s Letter: From the Scene of Execution and the Autopsy of the Assassin.” The Illustrious Life of William McKinley, Our Martyred President. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 465-72. READ

“An Impressive Scene.” Madison County Times 1 Nov. 1901 v32n14: p. [3]. READ

MacDonald, Arthur. “Assassins of Rulers.” Journal of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology Nov. 1911 v2n4: pp. 505-20. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Execution of Czolgosz.” Medical News 9 Nov. 1901 v79n19: pp. 752-53. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

Marvin, Frederic Rowland. “Appendix.” The Last Words (Real and Traditional) of Distinguished Men and Women. New York: Fleming H. Revell, 1902: pp. 323-38. READ

Skinner, Charles R. “Story of McKinley’s Assassination.” State Service Apr. 1919 v3n4: pp. 20-24. READ

Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred. “King Humbert—Bresci—President McKinley—Czolgosz (1898-1901)” [chapter 10]. The Anarchists: Their Faith and Their Record. London: Lane, 1911: pp. 240-59. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial)

SEE ALSO Loran L. Lewis

SEE ALSO Robert C. Titus

[untitled]. Philadelphia Medical Journal 2 Nov. 1901 v8n18: p. 709. READ

[untitled]. Portsmouth Daily Times 25 Sept. 1901 v9n19: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Virginia Law Register Oct. 1901 v7n6: pp. 432-34. READ

“Afraid of the Mob.” News and Courier 18 Sept. 1901: p. 1. READ

“Altgeld May Defend Assassin.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 15 Sept. 1901 v60n258: part 1, p. 4. READ

“The Conviction of Czolgosz.” Collier’s Weekly 5 Oct. 1901 v28n1: p. 20. READ

“Czolgosz Indicted.” Journal and Herald 19 Sept. 1901 v35n35: p. [4]. READ

“Czolgosz Will Not Talk.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 20 Sept. 1901 v63n88: p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz’s State of Mind.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 22 Sept. 1901 v63n89: p. 1. READ

“Defending the Seditious.” Law Notes Aug. 1918 v22n5: p. 81. READ

Drovin, George Albert. “Insanity as a Defense.” Medical Notes and Queries June 1909 v4n6: pp. 123-25. READ

“Fennelly Not to Defend Czolgosz.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 5. READ

“Gave Czolgasz an Atomizer.” Cleveland Plain Dealer 23 Sept. 1901 v60n266: p. 4. READ

Graham, George S. “The Trial of Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: p. 649. READ

Kinkead, Edgar B. “Legal Ethics—Points of Professional Conduct” [lecture 23]. Jurisprudence, Law and Ethics. New York: Banks Law, 1905: pp. 307-29. READ

“Law Magnified and Made Honorable.” Christian Advocate 3 Oct. 1901 v76n40: pp. 1564-65. READ

“Legislation Wanted for Anarchists.” American Law Review Sept.-Oct. 1901 v35n5: pp. 744-47. READ

Lloyd, James Hendrie. “The Trial of the Insane for Crime: A Historical Retrospect.” American Journal of Insanity July 1907 v64n1: pp. 35-51. READ

“Murder in the First Degree.” Afro-American-Ledger 28 Sept. 1901 v10n8: p. [2]. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

Spitzka, Edward C. “The Czolgosz Case.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 26 Oct. 1901 v8n17: pp. 693-95. READ

“Titus May Not Accept.” Daily Picayune 21 Sept. 1901 v65n240: p. 1. READ

“Too Much Legalism.” Spokane Daily Chronicle 17 Sept. 1901 v16n12: p. 3. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 28 Sept. 1901 v69n4: p. 198. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 5 Oct. 1901 v69n5: pp. 242-43. READ

“Trial of the Assassin.” Daily Picayune 22 Sept. 1901 v65n241: part 1, p. 1. READ

“The Trial of the Assassin.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 5 Oct. 1901 v8n14: p. 539. READ

“Issued Czolgosz Marriage License.” Times [Richmond] 22 Sept. 1901 v16n195: p. 1. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (autopsy)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (mental health)

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“Czolgosz Is Rapidly Breaking Down and Appears to Be a Physical and Mental Wreck—Refuses to Talk.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz’s Body Dissected and Buried in Acid.” Philadelphia Record 30 Oct. 1901 n10832: pp. 1, 3. READ

“Czolgosz’s Brain Normal.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 2. READ

“The President’s Case.” Medical News 14 Sept. 1901 v79n11: pp. 401-04. READ

“Proceedings in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1901 v58n2: pp. 315-17. READ

Ravogli, A. “Syphilis in Relation to Degeneracy” [chapter 2]. Syphilis in Its Medical, Medico-Legal and Sociological Aspects. New York: Grafton Press, 1907: pp. 343-411. READ

“The Use of Calcarea Carbonica for Energetic People.” Homœopathic Recorder July 1905 v20n7: pp. 296-302. READ

Wilson, George R. “Anarchism: The Insanity of Delusive Expedient.” Scottish Medical and Surgical Journal Mar. 1902 v10n3: pp. 206-08. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (autopsy)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (phrenological examination)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (physiognomical examination)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (psychiatric examination)

[Czolgosz Bertillon Card]. Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society Archives, A90-4. 1901. READ

“Czolgosz Recovers His Nerve.” Chicago Daily Tribune 1 Oct. 1901 v60n274: part 1, p. 2. READ

Drahms, August. “Leon F. Czolgosz: A Descriptive Analysis on the Basis of the Bertillon System of Identification.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 53-57. READ

SEE Czolgosz memorialization

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (medical condition)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (psychiatric examination)

[untitled]. Houston Daily Post 13 Sept. 1901 v17n162: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Livonia Gazette 8 May 1903 v29n29: p. [?]. READ

[untitled]. Philadelphia Medical Journal 2 Nov. 1901 v8n18: p. 709. READ

[untitled]. Salt Lake Herald 31 Jan. 1902 v29n248: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Southern Mercury 9 Jan. 1902 v22n2: p. 8. READ

Aikin, Joseph M. “Paranoia.” Medical Herald July 1908 v27n7: pp. 300-06. READ

“Alienists Find Czolgosz Sane.” Chicago Daily Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v60n253: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

Americus. [untitled]. Free Society 17 May 1903 v10n20: p. 4. READ

“Anarchy vs. Insanity.” Northwestern Lancet 15 Sept. 1901 v21n18: pp. 384-85. READ

Anderson, J. P. “The Hidden Sense in the Bible” [part 1, chapter 14]. Angelic Wisdom. Salem: Statesman Publishing, 1904: pp. 160-76. READ

“Assassin Czolgosz Ceases His Boasting.” Buffalo Evening News 10 Sept. 1901 v42n129: p. 8. READ

“Assassin Has No Moral Sense.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Oct. 1901 v54n46: part 2, p. 1. READ

Ayer, Harriet Hubbard. “Czolgosz a Likely Tool of Stronger Intellects.” World 10 Sept. 1901 v42n14630: p. 3. READ

Barr, Martin W. “Where Fancies Fly with Painted Wings to Dazzle and Mislead.” Alienist and Neurologist Nov. 1912 v33n4: pp. 390-417. READ

“Broke Down Completely.” Iowa State Register 28 Sept. 1901 v46n229: p. 1. READ

Cabot, Ella Lyman. “The Darkness of Sin” [chapter 6]. Everyday Ethics. New York: Henry Holt, 1907: pp. 77-92. READ

“The Case of the Assassin.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 26 Oct. 1901 v8n17: p. 665. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

Christison, J. Sanderson. “Epilepsy, Responsibility and the Czolgosz Case.” Kansas City Medical Index-Lancet Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 10-17. READ

Coe, Henry Waldo. “Was Harry Tracey [sic] Insane?” Medical Sentinel Nov. 1902 v10n11: pp. 492-97. READ

“The Criminal, Czolgosz.” Medical News 4 Jan. 1902 v80n1: p. 36. READ

Crothers, T. D. “The Insanity and Inebriety of J. Wilkes Booth.” Alienist and Neurologist Feb. 1911 v32n1: pp. 40-57. READ

“Czolgosz.” Journal of Mental Science Apr. 1902 v48n165 (new series): p. 336. READ

“Czolgosz in Death Cell.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Sept. 1901 v60n271: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Is a Low Type.” Sterling Standard 10 Sept. 1901 v35n73: p. [7]. READ

“Czolgosz Is Rapidly Breaking Down and Appears to Be a Physical and Mental Wreck—Refuses to Talk.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 3. READ

“Czolgosz Is Sane, and He Shows No Signs of Breaking Down.” Daily Picayune 13 Sept. 1901 v65n232: part 1, p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz Will Die a Sane Man.” Post Express 12 Oct. 1901 v43n107: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Would Do It Again Says Dr. W. F. Becker, Expert.” Milwaukee Journal 9 Sept. 1901 v19: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz’s Brain.” Medical Counselor Nov. 1901 v10n11: pp. 260-61. READ

“Czolgosz’s Brain Normal.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 29 Oct. 1901 v54n69: p. 2. READ

“Death of President McKinley.” International Clinics 1902 v1 (12th series): pp. 300-02. READ

Dercum, F. X. “Not a Case in Psychiatry.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: p. 652. READ

“Does Not Show Insanity.” New-York Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v61n20022: p. 3. READ

“Dr. Frank F. Fry Thinks Czolgosz Is a Paranoiac.” St. Louis Republic 10 Sept. 1901 v94n72: p. 4. READ

Drahms, August. “Leon F. Czolgosz: A Descriptive Analysis on the Basis of the Bertillon System of Identification.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 53-57. READ

“Echoes and News.” Medical News 9 Nov. 1901 v79n19: pp. 746-52. READ

Ellis, Havelock. “Additional Notes to Fourth Edition” [appendix E]. The Criminal. 4th ed., rev. and enlarged. London: Walter Scott Publishing, 1913: pp. 412-32. READ

“Final Report in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: p. 542. READ

Fowler, Joseph, Floyd S. Crego, and James W. Putnam. “Official Report of the Experts for the People in the Case of the People vs—Leon F. Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 9 Nov. 1901 v8n19: pp. 778-79. READ

Graham, George S. “The Trial of Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: p. 649. READ

Hamilton, Allan McLane. “Infantile Insanity in Its Relation to Moral Perversion and Crime.” Medical Record 20 June 1903 v63n25: pp. 965-70. READ

Hamilton, Allan McLane. “Political Murders” [chapter 21]. Recollections of an Alienist. New York: George H. Doran, 1916: pp. 342-68. READ

Holt, Henry. “The Treatment of Anarchism.” American Monthly Review of Reviews Feb. 1902 v25n2: pp. 192-200. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. [untitled]. Alienist and Neurologist Oct. 1901 v22n4: p. 722. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Medical Aspects of the Czolgosz Case.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 40-52. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Thaw and His Mental Status.” Alienist and Neurologist May 1908 v29n2: pp. 193-207. READ

“In the Rogues’ Gallery.” St. Louis Republic 13 Sept. 1901 v94n76: p. 3. READ

“Insane, Says Adler.” New-York Tribune 14 Sept. 1901 v61n20026: p. [3]. READ

“It Was Cunningly Devised.” Barton County Democrat 27 Sept. 1901 v18n29: p. [2]. READ

Kempf, Edward J. “The Psychopathology of Paranoia” [chapter 9]. Psychopathology. St. Louis: C. V. Mosby, 1920: pp. 421-76. READ

Lee, Edward Wallace. “Bodily Ailments Responsible for Crime.” New York Herald 9 Mar. 1902 n23939: sect. 5, p. 12. READ

“Literary Notes.” British Medical Journal 14 Mar. 1903: pp. 638-40. READ

“Literary Notes.” St. Louis Medical and Surgical Journal Apr. 1903 v84n4: pp. 221-24. READ

Lydston, G. Frank. “Anarchy in Its Relations to Crime” [chapter 6]. The Diseases of Society. 4th ed. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1906: pp. 229-302. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Execution of Czolgosz.” Medical News 9 Nov. 1901 v79n19: pp. 752-53. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

“The Mattoid, or Crank.” Medical Summary Sept. 1915 v37n7: pp. 194-95. READ

Mills, Charles K. “Political Assassinations in Some of Their Relations to Psychiatry and Legal Medicine.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 26 Oct. 1901 v8n17: pp. 688-92. READ

Moyer, Harold N. “Dr. Moyer, Alienist, Thinks Czolgosz Sane; No Mental Defect or Degeneracy in Face.” Chicago Daily Tribune 9 Sept. 1901 v60n252: part 1, p. 2. READ

Moyer, Harold N. “Forensic Medicine.” The Practical Medicine Series of Year Books. Ed. George F. Butler, Henry B. Favill, Norman Bridge, and Harold N. Moyer. Vol. 7. Chicago: Year Book, 1902: pp. 243-62. READ

“Murder in the First Degree.” Afro-American-Ledger 28 Sept. 1901 v10n8: p. [2]. READ

“Notes and Items.” St. Louis Medical Review 19 Sept. 1903 v48n12: pp. 200-04. READ

Pershing, C. L. “The Importance to the Community of Provision for the Feeble-Minded.” Colorado Medicine Mar. 1921 v18n3: pp. 60-62. READ

“Proceedings in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1901 v58n2: pp. 315-17. READ

Ravogli, A. “Syphilis in Relation to Degeneracy” [chapter 2]. Syphilis in Its Medical, Medico-Legal and Sociological Aspects. New York: Grafton Press, 1907: pp. 343-411. READ

Russell, James. “The Psychology of Anarchism.” Proceedings of the American Medico-Psychological Association. [n.p.]: American Medico-Psychological Association, 1902: pp. 178-93. READ

“Say Czolgosz Was Sane.” Salt Lake Herald 3 Nov. 1901 v29n160: p. 1. READ

Sellers, Robert B. “Classified Delusions of the Insane.” Texas State Journal of Medicine Aug. 1910 v6n4: pp. 100-02. READ

Spitzka, Edward C. “The Czolgosz Case.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 26 Oct. 1901 v8n17: pp. 693-95. READ

Talbot, Eugene S. “Degeneracy and Political Assassination.” Developmental Pathology. Chicago: [n.p.], 1905: pp. 1-24. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 28 Sept. 1901 v69n4: p. 198. READ

“The Trial of the Assassin.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 5 Oct. 1901 v8n14: p. 539. READ

Twain, Mark. “[To Rev. J. H. Twichell, in Hartford].” Mark Twain’s Letters. Ed. Albert Bigelow Paine. Vol. 2. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1917: pp. 713-16. READ

“The Use of Calcarea Carbonica for Energetic People.” Homœopathic Recorder July 1905 v20n7: pp. 296-302. READ

“Was Czolgosz Insane?” Deseret Evening News 29 Jan. 1902 v52n59: p. 3. READ

“What Moved Czolgosz.” New-York Tribune 9 Sept. 1901 v61n20021: p. 1. READ

“What the Black Journals Have Done.” Southern Mercury 20 Feb. 1902 v22n8: p. 9. READ

Wilson, George R. “Anarchism: The Insanity of Delusive Expedient.” Scottish Medical and Surgical Journal Mar. 1902 v10n3: pp. 206-08. READ

“With His Yells Prison Echoed.” Atlanta Constitution 28 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

SEE McKinley assassination (murder weapon)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (name, pronunciation of)

[untitled]. Arizona Republican 9 Sept. 1901 v12n114: p. 2. READ

[untitled]. Camden Chronicle 27 Sept. 1901 v23n14: p. [8]. READ

[untitled]. Daily Journal [Telluride] 5 Mar. 1902 v8n182: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Dalles Daily Chronicle 24 Sept. 1901 v13n187: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Deseret Evening News 12 Sept. 1901 v52n253: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Sequachee Valley News 12 Sept. 1901 v9n9: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Yorkville Enquirer 11 Sept. 1901 n73: p. [2]. READ

“Ban on Czolgosz’s Name.” Brooklyn Daily Eagle 3 Oct. 1901 v61n274: p. 6. READ

“Barbed Wire.” Conservative 21 Nov. 1901 v4n20: pp. 6-7. READ

“Miscellaneous News.” Grey River Argus 16 Nov. 1901 v57n10520: p. [4]. READ

“Pithy and Pertinent.” Wyoming Press 28 Sept. 1901 v6n6: p. [5]. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (poetry)

Cavaness, J. M. [untitled]. Jayhawker Juleps. 3rd ed. Chanute: Tribune, 1913: p. 44. READ

“A Guide to Pronunciation.” Baltimore American 6 Oct. 1901 v191n34835: p. 4. READ

“Here and There.” Aurora Daily Express 24 Sept. 1901 v20n5764: p. 1. READ

“The Saunterer.” Aurora Daily Express 25 Sept. 1901 v20n5765: p. 1. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (name)

[untitled]. Camden Chronicle 27 Sept. 1901 v23n14: p. [8]. READ

[untitled]. Caras y Caretas 14 Sept. 1901 v4n154: [no pagination]. READ

[untitled]. Daily Times-Enterprise 13 Sept. 1901 v12n83: p. [4]. READ

[untitled]. Florence Times 13 Sept. 1901 v12n11: p. [?]. READ

[untitled]. Norfolk Landmark 14 Sept. 1901 v53n16: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Wahpeton Times 19 Sept. 1901 v24n21: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. West Coast Times 26 Sept. 1901 n12025: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Yorkville Enquirer 11 Sept. 1901 n73: p. [2]. READ

“Answers to Queries.” San Francisco Call 30 Dec. 1901 v91n30: p. 4. READ

“How to Pronounce It.” Norfolk Landmark 20 Sept. 1901 v53n21: p. 4. READ

“Information for the Ignorant.” Norfolk Landmark 13 Sept. 1901 v53n15: p. 4. READ

“Leon Czolgosz, Assassin.” Bourbon News 13 Sept. 1901 v21n65: p. [2]. READ

McClure, Alexander K., and Charles Morris. “The Assassin and the Anarchists” [chapter 28]. The Authentic Life of William McKinley. Memorial ed. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 438-47. READ

“News Notes.” Malone Farmer 9 Oct. 1901 v21n41: p. [3]. READ

“Notes.” Stenographer Nov. 1901 v16n10: p. 260. READ

“A Pronunciamento.” Norfolk Landmark 22 Sept. 1901 v53n23: p. 4. READ

Quip. “Czolgosz.” New Zealand Tablet 17 Oct. 1901 v29n42: p. 18. READ

S., G. J. “The Assassin’s Name.” Buffalo Evening News 13 Sept. 1901 v42n132: p. 9. READ

“Siftings.” Irish-American 14 Sept. 1901 v53n37: p. 5. READ

Taylor, Isaac. “Czolgosz.” Notes and Queries 28 Sept. 1901 v8n196 (9th series): p. 260. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (editorial cartoons)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (illustrations)

“The Assassin of President McKinley.” Black and White Budget 28 Sept. 1901 v6n103: p. 3. READ

“Leon F. Czolgosz.” The True Story of the Assassination of President McKinley at Buffalo. By Richard H. Barry. Buffalo: Robert Allan Reid, 1901: p. 12. READ

“Posed ‘Sam the Bootblack’ for Real Assassin.” Morning Telegraph 13 Sept. 1901 v63n220: p. 12. READ

“The Prisoner Photographed.” Daily Picayune 8 Sept. 1901 v65n227: part 1, p. 9. READ

“A Stimulant to Assassins.” Case and Comment Sept. 1901 v8n4: p. 184. READ

“A Wild Beast Caged—the Murderer of President McKinley in Prison—He Shows Traces of Rough Usage.” Black and White Budget 28 Sept. 1901 v6n103: p. 1. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (medical examination)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (physiognomical examination)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (psychiatric examination)

“Leon F. Czolgosz.” Popular Phrenologist Oct. 1901 v6n70: p. 153. READ

“Recent Events.” Phrenological Journal and Phrenological Magazine Oct. 1901 v112n4: pp. 133-36. READ

SEE Czolgosz physicians

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (medical examination)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (phrenological examination)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (psychiatric examination)

Ayer, Harriet Hubbard. “Czolgosz a Likely Tool of Stronger Intellects.” World 10 Sept. 1901 v42n14630: p. 3. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“Czolgosz Would Do It Again Says Dr. W. F. Becker, Expert.” Milwaukee Journal 9 Sept. 1901 v19: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz’s Face Is That of Hardened Criminal, Says Physiognomist.” Buffalo Courier 18 Sept. 1901 v66n261: p. 7. READ

“Dr. Frank F. Fry Thinks Czolgosz Is a Paranoiac.” St. Louis Republic 10 Sept. 1901 v94n72: p. 4. READ

Drahms, August. “Leon F. Czolgosz: A Descriptive Analysis on the Basis of the Bertillon System of Identification.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 53-57. READ

“His Face Is Weak.” Minneapolis Journal 11 Sept. 1901: p. 6. READ

“In the Rogues’ Gallery.” St. Louis Republic 13 Sept. 1901 v94n76: p. 3. READ

Moyer, Harold N. “Dr. Moyer, Alienist, Thinks Czolgosz Sane; No Mental Defect or Degeneracy in Face.” Chicago Daily Tribune 9 Sept. 1901 v60n252: part 1, p. 2. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (death: poetry)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: poetry)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (name: poetry)

Alexander, Grif. “And His Wife?” Pittsburg Press 15 Sept. 1901 v18n256: sect. 1, p. 6. READ

Allstorm, Oliver. “Leon F. Czolgosz.” Chords from a Strange Lyre. Chicago: Sims, Wilson and Sims, 1902: pp. 121-24. READ

Deyo, Milo. “A Sonnet to Leon Czolgosz.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 27 Sept. 1901 v63n94: p. 4. READ

“A Guide to Pronunciation.” Baltimore American 6 Oct. 1901 v191n34835: p. 4. READ

Neihardt, John G. “Czolgosz.” Man-Song. New York: Mitchell Kennerley, 1909: p. 34. READ

Oaks, Henry C. “The Shooting of the President.” Buffalo Sunday News 22 Sept. 1901 v28n46: p. 7. READ

“Our Martyr-President.” Cambrian Oct. 1901 v21n10: p. 480. READ

“The Saunterer.” Aurora Daily Express 25 Sept. 1901 v20n5765: p. 1. READ

Scurlock, Nelse J. “To Czolgosz.” Fishin’ ’Long Old Ellum Creek and Other Poems. Ed. Charles N. Wood. Kirksville: Journal Printing, 1903: pp. 140-41. READ

Sellingham, E. J. H. “The Execution of Czolgosh” [sic]. Ticonderoga Sentinel 7 Nov. 1901 v29n43: p. 8. READ

Wilkins, T. “McKinley and Czolgosz.” Poems of Life. Chicago: Regan Printing House, 1918: pp. 53-56. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution: popular culture)

SEE ALSO McKinley assassination (popular culture)

[advertisement]. New York Times 3 Nov. 1901 v51n16169: p. 17. READ

[untitled]. National Police Gazette 7 Dec. 1901 v79n1268: p. 2. READ

[untitled]. Norfolk Landmark 13 Sept. 1901 v53n15: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Poverty Bay Herald 24 Dec. 1901 v28n9334: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz’s Grave.” Tioga County Record 25 Sept. 1902 v32n29: p. [3?]. READ

“Does a Ghastly ‘Turn.’” St. Paul Globe 14 Nov. 1901 v24n318: p. 1. READ

“Dr. Linn’s Museum.” Buffalo Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901 v28n45: p. [?]. READ

“A Freak Society.” Brooklyn Daily Eagle 23 Nov. 1902 v62n325: [sect. 2], p. 4. READ

“Handcuffs Worn by Czolgosz Now in Malone.” Commercial Advertiser 11 Feb. 1913 v40n47: p. [8]. READ

“Interest in President McKinley at the Eden Musee.” Deaf-Mutes’ Journal 12 Sept. 1901 v30n37: p. [3?]. READ

“Man Killer.” Cheyenne Daily Leader 27 Nov. 1901 v35n357: p. [4]. READ

Marston, E. “Among the Rainbows” [chapter 10]. Fishing for Pleasure and Catching It. London: T. Werner Laurie, 1906: pp. 86-96. READ

“Ordered Out of the City.” Stark County Democrat 19 Nov. 1901 v67n153: p. 3. READ

“What Autographs Are Worth: An Interview with Walter R. Benjamin.” Americana Oct. 1912 v7n10: pp. 967-72. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (autopsy)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (disposal of remains)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (execution)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (posthumous communications)

[untitled]. Rock Island Argus 26 Nov. 1901 v51n34: p. 4. READ

“Acid Did Its Work.” Auburn Weekly Bulletin 1 Nov. 1901 v20n88: p. 5. READ

“The Czolgosz Autopsy.” New-York Tribune 3 Dec. 1901 v61n20106: p. 9. READ

“An Indignant Denial.” Richmond Dispatch 20 Nov. 1902 n16094: p. 1. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (fictionalization)

Benjamin, Louis, and Albert Durrant Watson. “Messages of Fifty-Five Minds through One Soul.” Birth through Death. New York: James A. McCann, 1920: pp. 244-56. READ

“Czolgosz Heard From.” Davis Weekly News 14 Nov. 1901 v8n16: p. 1. READ

SEE Leon Czolgosz (name, pronunciation of)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial)

“Alienists Find Czolgosz Sane.” Chicago Daily Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v60n253: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Law Magnified and Made Honorable.” Christian Advocate 3 Oct. 1901 v76n40: pp. 1564-65. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

“The Prosecution.” Youngstown Vindicator 11 Sept. 1901 v13n9: pp. 1, 6. READ

“Alienists Find Czolgosz Sane.” Chicago Daily Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v60n253: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Legal Status of One Who Assaults the President.” American Law Review Jan.-Feb. 1902 v36n1: pp. 121-22. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (medical examination)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (mental health)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (phrenological examination)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (physiognomical examination)

“Alienists Find Czolgosz Sane.” Chicago Daily Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v60n253: part 1, pp. 1-2. READ

“Assassin Czolgosz Ceases His Boasting.” Buffalo Evening News 10 Sept. 1901 v42n129: p. 8. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

“Czolgosz Will Die a Sane Man.” Post Express 12 Oct. 1901 v43n107: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz’s State of Mind.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 22 Sept. 1901 v63n89: p. 1. READ

“Dr. Channing’s Faulty Reasoning.” Democrat and Chronicle 13 Dec. 1901 v69: p. 6. READ

Fowler, Joseph, Floyd S. Crego, and James W. Putnam. “Official Report of the Experts for the People in the Case of the People vs—Leon F. Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 9 Nov. 1901 v8n19: pp. 778-79. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

“Proceedings in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1901 v58n2: pp. 315-17. READ

“Say Czolgosz Was Sane.” Salt Lake Herald 3 Nov. 1901 v29n160: p. 1. READ

“Trial of the Assassin.” Daily Picayune 22 Sept. 1901 v65n241: part 1, p. 1. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

Christison, J. Sanderson. “Epilepsy, Responsibility and the Czolgosz Case.” Kansas City Medical Index-Lancet Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 10-17. READ

Talbot, Eugene S. “Degeneracy and Political Assassination.” Developmental Pathology. Chicago: [n.p.], 1905: pp. 1-24. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (confession)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (last words)

“Assassin Has No Moral Sense.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 6 Oct. 1901 v54n46: part 2, p. 1. READ

“Broke Down Completely.” Iowa State Register 28 Sept. 1901 v46n229: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz in Death Cell.” Chicago Daily Tribune 28 Sept. 1901 v60n271: part 1, p. 2. READ

“Czolgosz Is Already in the Death Cell at Auburn Prison Awaiting the Day of His Doom.” Buffalo Review 27 Sept. 1901 v19n96: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Is Rapidly Breaking Down and Appears to Be a Physical and Mental Wreck—Refuses to Talk.” Buffalo Courier 9 Sept. 1901 v66n252: p. 3. READ

“‘I Am Sorry’ Is Statement of Czolgosz.” Buffalo Evening Times 27 Sept. 1901 v36n11: p. 7. READ

“‘I Will Kill Any Ruler You Select’ Said Czolgosz.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

Langtoft, Geoffrey. “Assassination a Fruit of Socialism.” Fortnightly Review 1 Oct. 1901 v70n418 (new series): pp. 571-80. READ

Steep, Thomas W. “Czolgosz’s Last Hours and Death.” Buffalo Courier 29 Oct. 1901 v66n302: pp. 1-2. READ

“Sure of Him.” Akron Daily Democrat 7 Sept. 1901 v10n120: p. 1. READ

Wilson, George R. “Anarchism: The Insanity of Delusive Expedient.” Scottish Medical and Surgical Journal Mar. 1902 v10n3: pp. 206-08. READ

“With His Yells Prison Echoed.” Atlanta Constitution 28 Sept. 1901 v34: p. 3. READ

“The Fate of Czolgosz as Viewed Abroad.” Literary Digest 2 Nov. 1901 v23n18: p. 541. READ

“Czolgosz Sees a Priest, but He Refuses to Repent.” Chicago Daily Tribune 23 Oct. 1901 v60n296: part 2, p. 9. READ

“Czolgosz Taken into the Church.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 26 Oct. 1901 v54n66: p. 1. READ

Jamieson, John. “What Befell the Kirks” [chapter 15]. Bell the Cat; or, Who Destroyed the Scottish Abbeys? Stirling: Eneas Mackay, 1902: pp. 226-49. READ

“Nationality of Czolgosz Again.” Literary Digest 19 Oct. 1901 v23n16: pp. 459-60. READ

Waite, R. A. “Making Men.” St. Andrew’s Cross Nov.-Dec. 1913 v28n2: pp. 66-69. READ

Webber, A. Bernard. “The Influence of a Bible School.” Stories and Poems for Public Addresses. New York: George H. Doran, 1922: pp. 29-30. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (arrival at Auburn State Prison)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Auburn, NY)

“The Assassin Sentenced.” Independent 3 Oct. 1901 v53n2757: p. 2322. READ

“Czolgosz Is Already in the Death Cell at Auburn Prison Awaiting the Day of His Doom.” Buffalo Review 27 Sept. 1901 v19n96: p. 1. READ

“Czolgosz Taken to Auburn.” Bee 3 Oct. 1901 v12n40: p. 3. READ

“Deputies Are Back from the Trip to Prison.” Buffalo Courier 28 Sept. 1901 v66n271: p. 6. READ

“‘I Am Sorry’ Is Statement of Czolgosz.” Buffalo Evening Times 27 Sept. 1901 v36n11: p. 7. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 5 Oct. 1901 v69n5: pp. 242-43. READ

SEE Czolgosz residence

SEE Leon Czolgosz (mental health)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial)

“The Assassin Sentenced.” Independent 3 Oct. 1901 v53n2757: p. 2322. READ

“Law Magnified and Made Honorable.” Christian Advocate 3 Oct. 1901 v76n40: pp. 1564-65. READ

“Locals.” Watkins Democrat 3 Oct. 1901 v40n10: p. [?]. READ

McClure, Alexander K., and Charles Morris. “Czolgosz Pays the Penalty” [chapter 29]. The Authentic Life of William McKinley. Memorial ed. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 448-53. READ

“News of the Week.” Public Opinion 3 Oct. 1901 v31n14: p. 443. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

“The People of the State of New York against Leon F. Czolgosz.” Unpublished trial transcript. 23-24, 26 Sept. 1901. READ

“Saw Czolgosz Sentenced.” Columbia Herald 4 Oct. 1901 v46n39: p. 3. READ

SEE McKinley assassination (sympathizers)

“A Clew at Memphis.” Daily Picayune 8 Sept. 1901 v65n227: part 1, p. 9. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (arraignment)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (grand jury)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (legal defense)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (prosecution)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (sentencing)

[untitled]. New Jersey Law Journal Oct. 1901 v24n10: p. 675. READ

“Apropos of Mr. McKinley’s Death.” American Monthly Review of Reviews Nov. 1901 v24n5: p. 532. READ

“The Assassin Sentenced.” Independent 3 Oct. 1901 v53n2757: p. 2322. READ

“The Case of the Assassin.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 26 Oct. 1901 v8n17: p. 665. READ

“Chronicle of the Week.” Tablet 28 Sept. 1901 v98n3203: pp. 477-80. READ

“The Conviction of Czolgosz.” Collier’s Weekly 5 Oct. 1901 v28n1: p. 20. READ

“Conviction of Czolgosz.” Zion’s Herald 2 Oct. 1901 v79n39: p. 1251. READ

“Current Topics.” Solicitors’ Journal and Reporter 28 Sept. 1901 v45n48: pp. 783-85. READ

“Czolgosz Found Guilty.” Timely Topics 27 Sept. 1901 v6n4: p. 56. READ

“Czolgosz on Trial.” Morning Oregonian 24 Sept. 1901 v41n12725: p. 1. READ

Graham, George S. “A Correction.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 26 Oct. 1901 v8n17: p. 668. READ

Hamilton, Allan McLane. “Political Murders” [chapter 21]. Recollections of an Alienist. New York: George H. Doran, 1916: pp. 342-68. READ

“Law Magnified and Made Honorable.” Christian Advocate 3 Oct. 1901 v76n40: pp. 1564-65. READ

“Legal Rights of Leon Czolgosz.” Baltimore American 23 Sept. 1901 v191n34821: p. 3. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

McClure, Alexander K., and Charles Morris. “Czolgosz Pays the Penalty” [chapter 29]. The Authentic Life of William McKinley. Memorial ed. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 448-53. READ

“Murder in the First Degree.” Afro-American-Ledger 28 Sept. 1901 v10n8: p. [2]. READ

“News of the Week.” Christian Advocate 3 Oct. 1901 v76n40: p. 1599. READ

“News of the Week.” Public Opinion 3 Oct. 1901 v31n14: p. 443. READ

Olcott, Charles S. “The Trial of the Assassin” [appendix 2]. The Life of William McKinley. Vol. 2. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1916: pp. 385-88. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

“The People of the State of New York against Leon F. Czolgosz.” Unpublished trial transcript. 23-24, 26 Sept. 1901. READ

“Proceedings in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1901 v58n2: pp. 315-17. READ

Putnam, James W. “The Opinion of an Expert Who Examined Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: pp. 650-51. READ

“Summary of Events.” Friend 5 Oct. 1901 v75n12: pp. 95-96. READ

Townsend, G. W. “Chapter XXIV.” Memorial Life of William McKinley. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: pp. 460-66. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 5 Oct. 1901 v69n5: pp. 242-43. READ

“Trial of President McKiley’s [sic] Murderer.” Enterprise [Lancaster] 25 Sept. 1901 v6n80: p. 1. READ

Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred. “King Humbert—Bresci—President McKinley—Czolgosz (1898-1901)” [chapter 10]. The Anarchists: Their Faith and Their Record. London: Lane, 1911: pp. 240-59. READ

“The Week.” Nation 3 Oct. 1901 v73n1892: pp. 255-57. READ

Wilson, M. L. “Chapter Three.” Biography of Mary Hartwell Catherwood. Newark: American Tribune Printery, 1904: pp. 51-69. READ

“The Law and the Lawyers.” Law Times 5 Oct. 1901 v111n3053: pp. 491-93. READ

“Lesson of the Czolgosz Trial.” Nation 31 Oct. 1901 v73n1896: pp. 332-33. READ

[untitled]. New Jersey Law Journal Oct. 1901 v24n10: p. 675. READ

“Anarchy vs. Insanity.” Northwestern Lancet 15 Sept. 1901 v21n18: pp. 384-85. READ

Bell, Percy. “The Lawyer’s Relation to Lawlessness.” American Law Review Mar.-Apr. 1914 v48n2: pp. 209-24. READ

Campbell, Wallace Bruce. “Some Limitations in the Administration of Criminal Law.” Some Limitations in the Administration of Criminal Law. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1909: pp. 3-14. READ

Davenport, James Pierpont. “Our American Letter.” Law Times 12 Oct. 1901 v111n3054: pp. 515-17. READ

Holmes, Bayard. “Shall We Convict, Sentence and Punish, or Commit, Care for and Cure the Insane Delinquent?” The Friends of the Insane, The Soul of Medical Education and Other Essays. Cincinnati: Lancet-Clinic Publishing, 1911: pp. 7-13. READ

“Legal Rights of Leon Czolgosz.” Baltimore American 23 Sept. 1901 v191n34821: p. 3. READ

Sinkler, Wharton. “Some Remarkable Features.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: p. 652. READ

“Trial of the President’s Murderer.” Daily Picayune 24 Sept. 1901 v65n243: p. 4. READ

“Erskine’s Defence of Hadfield.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 5 Oct. 1901 v8n14: pp. 539-40. READ

Graham, George S. “The Trial of Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: p. 649. READ

“The Trial of the Assassin.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 5 Oct. 1901 v8n14: p. 539. READ

[untitled]. Burlington Hawk-Eye 1 Oct. 1901 v63n97: p. 4. READ

“Trial of the President’s Murderer.” Daily Picayune 24 Sept. 1901 v65n243: p. 4. READ

Goldman, Emma. “October Twenty-Ninth, 1901.” Mother Earth Oct. 1911 v6n8: pp. 232-35. READ

“The Law and the Penalty.” Sunday Oregonian 9 Mar. 1902 v21n10: part 1, p. 4. READ

“Lesson of the Czolgosz Trial.” Nation 31 Oct. 1901 v73n1896: pp. 332-33. READ

Spitzka, Edward C. “The Czolgosz Case.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 26 Oct. 1901 v8n17: pp. 693-95. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial: personal response)

[untitled]. Virginia Law Register Oct. 1901 v7n6: pp. 432-34. READ

Goldman, Emma. “October Twenty-Ninth, 1901.” Mother Earth Oct. 1911 v6n8: pp. 232-35. READ

Hamilton, Allan McLane. “Political Murders” [chapter 21]. Recollections of an Alienist. New York: George H. Doran, 1916: pp. 342-68. READ

Holmes, Bayard. “Shall We Convict, Sentence and Punish, or Commit, Care for and Cure the Insane Delinquent?” The Friends of the Insane, The Soul of Medical Education and Other Essays. Cincinnati: Lancet-Clinic Publishing, 1911: pp. 7-13. READ

Hughes, Charles Hamilton. “Medical Aspects of the Czolgosz Case.” Alienist and Neurologist Jan. 1902 v23n1: pp. 40-52. READ

Lloyd, James Hendrie. “The Trial of the Insane for Crime: A Historical Retrospect.” American Journal of Insanity July 1907 v64n1: pp. 35-51. READ

MacDonald, Carlos F. “The Trial, Execution, Autopsy and Mental Status of Leon F. Czolgosz, Alias Fred Nieman, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: pp. 369-86. READ

Spitzka, Edward C. “The Czolgosz Case.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 26 Oct. 1901 v8n17: pp. 693-95. READ

“Expense of Czolgosz’s Trial.” American Lawyer Jan. 1902 v10n1: p. 2. READ

Parker, LeRoy. “The Trial of the Anarchist Murderer Czolgosz.” Yale Law Journal Dec. 1901 v11n2: pp. 80-94. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial: international response)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial: personal response)

“Root Praises Erie County Officers.” New-York Tribune 15 Nov. 1901 v61n20088: p. 9. READ

Powers, T. E. “Court-Room Scene during the Trial of President M’Kinley’s Assassin.” World 23 Sept. 1901: p. 2. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial: government response)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial: personal response)

[untitled]. Cohocton Index 23 Oct. 1901 v10n22: p. [2?]. READ

“The Law and the Lawyers.” Law Times 5 Oct. 1901 v111n3053: pp. 491-93. READ

Smith, Goldwin. “Shall the Press Be Muzzled?” Sun 30 Oct. 1901 v69n60: p. 6. READ

“Single Ballot All That Was Necessary.” Buffalo Courier 25 Sept. 1901 v66n268: p. 9. READ

“Legal Rights of Leon Czolgosz.” Baltimore American 23 Sept. 1901 v191n34821: p. 3. READ

“Trial of President McKiley’s [sic] Murderer.” Enterprise [Lancaster] 25 Sept. 1901 v6n80: p. 1. READ

“Trial of the President’s Murderer.” Daily Picayune 24 Sept. 1901 v65n243: p. 4. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial: criticism)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial: government response)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (trial: international response)

[untitled]. Clarksburg Telegram 27 Sept. 1901 v40n47: p. 4. READ

[untitled]. Fergus County Argus 22 July 1903 v20n51: p. 6. READ

[untitled]. Portsmouth Daily Times 25 Sept. 1901 v9n19: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Virginia Law Register Oct. 1901 v7n6: pp. 432-34. READ

[untitled]. Watauga Democrat 26 Sept. 1901 v13n34: p. [2]. READ

[untitled]. Western New-Yorker 10 Oct. 1901 v61n41: p. [4]. READ

“Anarchy and Lynch Law.” Medical Dial Oct. 1901 v3n10: pp. 242-43. READ

“The Assassin Condemned.” Irish-American 28 Sept. 1901 v53n39: p. 4. READ

Bausman, Frederick. “Are Our Laws Responsible for the Increase of Violent Crime?” Maine Law Review June 1909 v2n8: pp. 268-79. READ

Campbell, Wallace Bruce. “Some Limitations in the Administration of Criminal Law.” Some Limitations in the Administration of Criminal Law. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1909: pp. 3-14. READ

Channing, Walter. “The Mental Status of Czolgosz, the Assassin of President McKinley.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1902 v59n2: pp. 233-78. READ

Chapin, John B. “The Crime of Czolgosz, the Assassin.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: pp. 649-50. READ

“The Character of Czolgosz.” World’s Work Nov. 1901 v3n1: p. 1366. READ

“Czolgosz’s Brain.” Medical Counselor Nov. 1901 v10n11: pp. 260-61. READ

“Defending the Seditious.” Law Notes Aug. 1918 v22n5: p. 81. READ

“A Disgrace Averted.” Case and Comment Nov. 1901 v8n6: pp. 205-06. READ

“Disposal of Czolgosz.” Gunton’s Magazine Oct. 1901 v21n4: pp. 293-94. READ

Earl, Robert. “Criminal Law and Its Administration in the State of New York.” Columbia Law Review Mar. 1902 v2n3: pp. 144-47. READ

“Final Report in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Jan. 1902 v58n3: p. 542. READ

Graham, George S. “The Trial of Czolgosz.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: p. 649. READ

Hamilton, Allan McLane. “Political Murders” [chapter 21]. Recollections of an Alienist. New York: George H. Doran, 1916: pp. 342-68. READ

“The Law and the Penalty.” Sunday Oregonian 9 Mar. 1902 v21n10: part 1, p. 4. READ

“Law Magnified and Made Honorable.” Christian Advocate 3 Oct. 1901 v76n40: pp. 1564-65. READ

“Lesson of the Czolgosz Trial.” Nation 31 Oct. 1901 v73n1896: pp. 332-33. READ

“Make Assassin’s Trial a Lesson to Anarchists.” Buffalo Evening News 20 Sept. 1901 v42n137: p. 1. READ

Mills, Charles K. “The Czolgosz Trial: A Unique Event.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: pp. 651-52. READ

Moyer, Harold N. “Forensic Medicine.” The Practical Medicine Series of Year Books. Ed. George F. Butler, Henry B. Favill, Norman Bridge, and Harold N. Moyer. Vol. 7. Chicago: Year Book, 1902: pp. 243-62. READ

P., M. T. “Two Kinds of Anarchists.” Comet 18 Apr. 1907 v24n1188: p. [2]. READ

“Proceedings in the Czolgosz Case.” American Journal of Insanity Oct. 1901 v58n2: pp. 315-17. READ

Sinkler, Wharton. “Some Remarkable Features.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 19 Oct. 1901 v8n16: p. 652. READ

Spitzka, Edward C. “The Czolgosz Case.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 26 Oct. 1901 v8n17: pp. 693-95. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” American Lawyer Dec. 1901 v9n11: p. 563. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 5 Oct. 1901 v69n5: pp. 242-43. READ

“The Trial of the Assassin.” Philadelphia Medical Journal 5 Oct. 1901 v8n14: p. 539. READ

“Trial of the President’s Murderer.” Daily Picayune 24 Sept. 1901 v65n243: p. 4. READ

“The Week.” Nation 3 Oct. 1901 v73n1892: pp. 255-57. READ

“Single Ballot All That Was Necessary.” Buffalo Courier 25 Sept. 1901 v66n268: p. 9. READ

“Altgeld May Defend Assassin.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 15 Sept. 1901 v60n258: part 1, p. 4. READ

“Anarchy vs. Insanity.” Northwestern Lancet 15 Sept. 1901 v21n18: pp. 384-85. READ

“Czolgosz Will Not Talk.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 20 Sept. 1901 v63n88: p. 2. READ

“Day of Doom for Assassin Is Near.” Chicago Sunday Tribune 15 Sept. 1901 v60n258: part 1, p. 4. READ

“Let There Be No Delay.” Buffalo Courier 14 Sept. 1901 v66n257: p. 6. READ

“Make Assassin’s Trial a Lesson to Anarchists.” Buffalo Evening News 20 Sept. 1901 v42n137: p. 1. READ

“Too Much Legalism.” Spokane Daily Chronicle 17 Sept. 1901 v16n12: p. 3. READ

“The Trial at Buffalo.” American Monthly Review of Reviews Oct. 1901 v24n4: pp. 389-90. READ

“The Trial of Czolgosz.” Outlook 28 Sept. 1901 v69n4: p. 198. READ

“Trial of the President’s Murderer.” Daily Picayune 24 Sept. 1901 v65n243: p. 4. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (legal defense)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (prosecution)

“The Trial of Czolgocz” [sic]. Sunday News 15 Sept. 1901: p. 2. READ

“The People of the State of New York against Leon F. Czolgosz.” Unpublished trial transcript. 23-24, 26 Sept. 1901. READ

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Auburn, NY: visitations)

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (incarceration: Buffalo, NY: visitations)

“He Is a Pole, and the Law-Abiding Poles Deplore It.” Daily Picayune 13 Sept. 1901 v65n232: part 1, p. 7. READ

“Czolgosz’s Grave.” Tioga County Record 25 Sept. 1902 v32n29: p. [3?]. READ

SEE William McKinley (condolences)

SEE Leo Deutsch

“Gen. Lew Wallace Talks of His Friend, M’Kinley.” Buffalo Courier 26 Sept. 1901 v66n269: p. 6. READ

“Gen. Lew Wallace Talks of His Friend, M’Kinley.” Buffalo Courier 26 Sept. 1901 v66n269: p. 6. READ

SEE Maurice J. Lewi

SEE Loran L. Lewis

Dennis, Howard. “Emma Goldman and the Cleveland Anarchists.” Modern Culture Nov. 1901 v14n3: pp. 180-82. READ

SEE Eduardo Licéaga

Griffin, Harry W. [untitled]. Life 26 Sept. 1901 v38n986: p. 254. READ

Williams, Charles. [untitled]. Life 17 Oct. 1901 v38n989: p. 314. READ

SEE Frank W. Lilley

Harman, Lillian. “‘Free Society’ and the Outlook.” Lucifer, the Light-Bearer 14 Sept. 1901 v5n35 (3rd series): p. 285. READ

SEE Abraham Lincoln

SEE Robert Todd Lincoln

SEE Frederick Lindauer

SEE Thomas J. Lipton

SEE Charles Edward Locke

SEE Jacob J. Lohrer

SEE Jack London

“Proceedings of the Board of Indian Commissioners at the Nineteenth Lake Mohonk Indian Conference” [appendix C]. Annual Reports of the Department of the Interior: Indian Affairs. Part 2. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1902: pp. 800-52. READ

“Proceedings of the Board of Indian Commissioners at the Nineteenth Lake Mohonk Indian Conference” [appendix C]. Annual Reports of the Department of the Interior: Indian Affairs. Part 2. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1902: pp. 800-52. READ

SEE John D. Long

SEE ALSO Leon Czolgosz (legal defense)

[untitled]. Philadelphia Medical Journal 2 Nov. 1901 v8n18: p. 709. READ

SEE ALSO Loran L. Lewis (photographs)

“Assassin Czolgosz’s Judge and Legal Talent Connected with the Case.” Deseret Evening News 27 Sept. 1901 v52n266: p. 3. READ

SEE ALSO Loran L. Lewis (illustrations)

“District Attorney Penney [and] Hon. Lorain [sic] L. Lewis.” American Monthly Review of Reviews Oct. 1901 v24n4: p. 390. READ

“Anarchy and Lynch Law.” Medical Dial Oct. 1901 v3n10: pp. 242-43. READ

“Anarchy and Lynch Law.” Zion’s Herald 2 Oct. 1901 v79n39: pp. 1251-52. READ

“Czolgosz Found Guilty.” Timely Topics 27 Sept. 1901 v6n4: p. 56. READ

“Czolgosz’s State of Mind.” Burlington Hawk-Eye 22 Sept. 1901 v63n89: p. 1. READ

“Murder in the First Degree.” Afro-American-Ledger 28 Sept. 1901 v10n8: p. [2]. READ

“Trial of the Assassin.” Daily Picayune 22 Sept. 1901 v65n241: part 1, p. 1. READ

SEE J. J. Lorkowski

SEE Michael W. Louis

Chapple, Joe Mitchell. “Affairs at Washington.” National Magazine Oct. 1901 v15n1: pp. 5-30. READ

“Roosevelt Too, Says Most.” New-York Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v61n20022: p. 3. READ

“She Lauds Czolgosz for His Act.” World 10 Sept. 1901 v42n14630: p. 3. READ

SEE Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States

SEE Dominick Lozzi

SEE Charles J. P. Lucas

“Mrs. Emma [sic] Parsons Will Publicly Denounce Anarchy.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

“Czolgosz a Lunatic, Says Lucy Parsons.” New York Times 11 Sept. 1901 v50n16124: p. 2. READ

“Mrs. Emma [sic] Parsons Will Publicly Denounce Anarchy.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 8 Sept. 1901 v54n18: part 2, p. 4. READ

SEE William McKinley (lying in state)

“Brevities.” Steuben Courier 22 Nov. 1901 v59n16: p. [?]. READ

SEE ALSO McKinley cabinet

“Secretary Gage Is Confident.” Iowa State Register 10 Sept. 1901 v46n213: p. 1. READ

“Stocks Buoyed by Hope.” New-York Tribune 10 Sept. 1901 v61n20022: p. 14. READ

“Lyman J. Gage—Secretary of the Treasury.” Memorial Life of William McKinley. By G. W. Townsend. [n.p.]: [n.p.], 1901: [unnumbered plate]. READ

“Gage to Buy Bonds.” New-York Tribune 11 Sept. 1901 v61n20023: p. 1. READ

“Secretary Gage.” Youngstown Vindicator 14 Sept. 1901 v13n12: p. 2. READ

“Tributes to President McKinley.” Outlook 28 Sept. 1901 v69n4: pp. 241-43. READ

“Social and Personal.” Yonkers Statesman 10 Sept. 1901 v18n5465: p. 5. READ

SEE anarchism (compared with lynching)

SEE lawlessness (mob rule)